Abstract
A study on the development of glass-like carbon from phenol formaldehyde resins employing monohydric (simple) and dihydric phenols (resorcinol and catechol) has been made. It is revealed that to obtain a good glass-like carbon, the optimum molar ratio of formaldehyde to resorcinol in the resorcinol formaldehyde resin is 1.5, as was found earlier in the case of a simple phenol formaldehyde resin, whereas for catechol formaldehyde resin, the optimum molar ratio of formaldehyde to catechol is found to be 2.0. Further, it is observed that the three types of resins lead to glass-like carbons of essentially the similar characteristics, except that the catechol formaldehyde based carbons possess the highest strength of 326 M Pa. A mechanism has been proposed on the basis of three types of phenolic rings designated as attached, bridging and cross-linking, in the structure of the three cured phenol formaldehyde resins to explain the respective optimum molar ratio of formaldehyde to type of phenol.
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Aggarwal, R.K., Bhatia, G., Bahl, O.P. et al. Development of glass-like carbon from phenol formaldehyde resins employing monohydric and dihydric phenols. J Mater Sci 23, 1677–1684 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01115707
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01115707