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Auto-antibodies as Emergent Prognostic Markers and Possible Mediators of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases

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Abstract

During the last 15 years, a growing body of evidence supported the fact that auto-antibodies represent not only emergent markers but also active mediators of cardiovascular disease (CVD), clinically represented mostly by acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stroke. There is a contrasted relationship between auto-antibodies and CVD, some being protective, while others acting as potential risk factors. Therefore, we performed a review of the literature on the respective cardiovascular prognostic value of the most relevant auto-antibodies in ACS and stroke, and their putative pathophysiological properties in atherogenesis. This review highlights auto-antibodies as active modulators of the innate immune system in atherogenesis (either toward a pro- or anti-inflammatory response), or by affecting basal heart rate regulation (anti-apoA-1 IgG). Given their apparent prognostic independency towards traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the data available in the literature indicates that some of those auto-antibodies could be of valuable help for cardiovascular risk stratification in the future, especially because their deleterious effects have been shown to be potentially abrogated in vivo and in vitro by existing therapeutic modalities. Although evidence in humans is currently lacking, these studies may open innovative therapeutic perspectives for CVD in the future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

    P. Roux-Lombard

  2. Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

    P. Roux-Lombard, S. Pagano & N. Vuilleumier

  3. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

    F. Montecucco

  4. Division of Angiology and Haemostasis, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland

    N. Satta

  5. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Laboratory Medicine Service, Geneva University Hospital, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret Gentil, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland

    N. Vuilleumier

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  1. P. Roux-Lombard
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Correspondence to N. Vuilleumier.

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Roux-Lombard, P., Pagano, S., Montecucco, F. et al. Auto-antibodies as Emergent Prognostic Markers and Possible Mediators of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases. Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol 44, 84–97 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-010-8233-z

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