Abstract
This study was aimed at examining the relationships between the African material of Solanum americanum (also designated as S. nodiflorum), accessions of this taxon from other geographical areas, and American S. americanum using AFLP markers. 96 individuals representing 39 accessions of S. americanum sensu lato and related diploid species from the widest possible geographical range, and one accession of S. dulcamara (as outgroup) were used. The AFLP results suggested that American S. americanum differs from S. nodiflorum and that the material investigated in this study can be assigned to three different species: S. americanum sensu stricto, S. nodiflorum and a Solanum species from Brazil. These species can be differentiated based on a combination of floral and fruit characteristics.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Bassett I. J. and Munro D. B. (1995). The biology of Canadian weeds. Solanum ptycanthum Dun., S. nigrum L. and S. sarrachoides. Sendtn. 65: 401–414
Baylis G. T. S. (1958) A cytogenetic study of New Zealand forms of Solanum nigrum L., Solanum nodiflorum Jacq. and S. gracile Otto. Trans. Proc. Roy. Soc. NZ.
Becker J., Kuiper M., Vos P., Salamini F. and Heun M. (1995). Combined mapping of AFLP and RFLP markers in barley. Molec. Gen. Genet. 249: 65–73
Bitter G. (1912). Solana nova vel minus cognita. III. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 202–237
Bosser J., Cadet T., Gueho J. and Marais W. (2000). Flore des Mascareignes: La Réunion, Maurice and Rodrigues. The Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew
Coulibaly S., Pasquet R. S., Papa R. and Gepts P. (2002). AFLP analysis of the phenetic organisation and genetic diversity of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. reveals extensive gene flow between wild and domesticated types. Theor. Appl. Genet. 104: 358–366
D'Arcy W. G. (1974a). Flora of Panama. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 573–780
D'Arcy W. G. (1974b). Solanum and its close relatives in Florida. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 61: 819–867
D'Arcy W. G. and Rakotozafy A. (1994). Famille 176. Solanaceae. In: Morat, P. (eds) Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pp. Museum Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris
Dehmer K. J. (2001). Conclusions on the taxonomy of the Solanum nigrum complex by molecular analyses of IPK germplasm accessions. In: van den Berg, R. G., Barendse, G. W. M., van der Weerden G. M. and Mariani, C. (eds) Solanaceae V: Advances in taxonomy and utilization, pp 85–96. University Press, Nijmegen
Dehmer K. J. and Hammer K. (2004). Taxonomic status and geographic provenance of germplasm accessions in Solanum nigrum L. complex: AFLP data. Gen. Res. Crop Evol. 51: 551–558
Edmonds J. M. (1971) Solanum L. In: Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Jamaican gamopetalous plants (W. T. Stearn). J. Arnold Arbor. 52: 634–635.
Edmonds J. M. (1972). A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella) in South America. Kew Bull. 27: 95–114
Edmonds J. M. (1986). Biosystematics of Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn. and S. physalifolium Rusby (S. nitidibaccatum Bitter). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 92: 1–38
Edmonds J. M. and Chweya J. A. (1997). Black nightshades Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben/International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, 5–113
Gentry J. L., Standley P. C. (1974) Solanaceae. In: Flora of Guatamala. Fieldiana Bot. 24(10): 1–151
Gray J. M. (1968) The taxonomy of the Morella section of the genus Solanum L. within South America. Ph.D. thesis, Birmingham University, Birmingham.
Heiser C. B., Soria J. and Burton D. L. (1965). A numerical taxonomic study of Solanum species and hybrids. Amer. Naturalist. 99: 471–488
Heiser C. B., Burton D. L. and Schilling E. E. (1979). Biosystematic and taxometric studies of the Solanum nigrum complex in eastern North America. In: Hawkes, J. G., Lester, R. N., and Skelding, A. D. (eds) The biology and taxonomy of the Solanaceae, pp 513–527. Academic Press, London
Henderson R. J. F. (1974). Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia. Contrib. Queensl. Herb. 16: 1–78
Howard R. A. (1989) Flora of Lesser Antilles, Leeward and Windward Islands. Solanaceae, Vol. 6. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Jamaica Plain, MA.
Jacoby A., Labuschagne M. T. and Viljoen C. D. (2003). Genetic relationships between Southern African Solanum retroflexum Dun. and other related species measured by morphological and DNA markers. Euphytica 132: 109–113
Jain S. K. (1976). The evolution of inbreeding in plants. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 7: 469–495
Kardolus J. P., van Eck H. J. and van den Berg R. G. (1998). The potential of AFLPs in biosystematics: a first application in Solanum taxonomy (Solanaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 210: 87–103
Knapp S. (2001). Is morphology dead in the Solanum taxonomy?. In: van den Berg, R. G., Barendse, G. W. M., van der Weerden, G. M. and Mariani, C. (eds) Solanaceae V: Advances in taxonomy and utilization, pp 23–38. University Press, Nijmegen
Mace E. S., Lester R. N. and Gebhardt C. G. (1999a). AFLP analysis of genetic relationships among the cultivated eggplant, Solanum melongena L., and wild relatives (Solanaceae). Theor. Appl. Genet. 99: 626–633
Mace E. S., Lester R. N. and Gebhardt C. G. (1999b). AFLP analysis of genetic relationships in tribe Daturae (Solanaceae). Theor. Appl. Genet. 99: 634–633
Manoko M. L. and van der Weerden G. M. (2004). Solanum americanum. In: Grubben, G. J. H. and Denton, O. A. (eds) Plant resources of Tropical Africa 2. Vegetables, pp 477–480. PROTA Foundation Wageningen/CTA Wageningen, Backhuys Publishers, Leiden
Morton C. V. (1976) Revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba, Republica Argentina, pp. 7–260.
Olet E. A. (2004) Taxonomy of Solanum L. section Solanum in Uganda. Ph.D. thesis, Agricultural University of Norway.
Rademaker J. L. W., Hoste B., Louws F. J., Kersters K., Swings J., Vauterin L., Vauterin P. and de Bruijn F. J. (2000). Comparison of AFLP and rep-PCR genomic fingerprinting with DNA-DNA homology studies: Xanthomonas as a model system. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50: 665–677
Schilling E. E. (1981). Systematics of Solanum sect. Solanum (Solanaceae) in North America. Syst. Bot. 6: 172–185
Schippers R. R. (2000). African indigenous vegetables. An overview of the cultivated species. Natural Resources Institute/ACP-EU Technical Centre of Agricultural and Rural Cooperation, Chatham, 147–176
Soria J. and Heiser C. B. (1961). A statistical study of relationships of certain Solanum nigrum complex. Econ. Bot. 15: 245–255
Swofford D. (2001). PAUP* Phylogenetic Analysis Using parsimony (*and other methods) version 4b10. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland
Symon D. E. (1981). A revision of the genus Solanum in Australia. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 4: 1–367
Symon D. E. (1985). The Solanaceae of New Guinea. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 8: 1–171
Templeton A. R. (1980). Modes of speciation and inferences based on genetic distances. Evolution 34: 719–729
Vos P., Hogers R., Bleeker M., Reijans M., van de Lee T., Hornes M., Frijters A., Pot J., Peleman J., Kuiper M. and Zabeau M. (1995). AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucl. Acids Res. 23: 4407–4414
Waugh R., Bonar N., Baird E., Thomas B., Graner A., Hayes P. and Powell W. (1997). Homology of AFLP products in three mapping populations of barley. Molec. Gen. Genet. 255: 311–321
Wiggins I. L. (1980). Flora of Baja California. Stanford University Press, Stanford
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Open Access This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0 ), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Manoko, M., van den Berg, R., Feron, R. et al. AFLP markers support separation of Solanum nodiflorum from Solanum americanum sensu stricto (Solanaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 267, 1–11 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-007-0531-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-007-0531-4