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Revision ofSemionotus bergeri Agassiz, 1833 (Upper Triassic, Germany), with comments on the taxonomic status ofSemionotus (Actinopterygii, Semionotiformes).

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Abstract

Semionotus bergeri Agassiz, 1833, from the Upper Triassic (Carnian) of southern Germany, the type species ofSemionotus, is here described in detail for the first time, including so far unstudied material in the Naturkunde-Museum Coburg, which allows a fairly complète reconstruction of this fish. The species is diagnosed by the présence of long frontals, about 4 times longer than wide, with antorbital lateral processes, 6–7 posterior infraorbitals, infraorbital at the posteroventral corner of the orbit notably larger than adjacent ones, infraorbitals at the posterior border of the orbit being as deep as long, and the middle élément anteroventrally expanded, dorsal fin base about two times the anal fin base.S. elegans from the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic of the Newark Supergroup in North America, is so far the best know species ofSemionotus and is the only species of this genus that has been included in phylogentic analyses. However, the comparison ofS. bergeri with other proposed speciesof Semionotus, such asS. elegans, and other semionotids casts doubt on the monophyly of this genus as currently understood, since these species exhibit a mosaic distribution of characters.

Zusammenfassung

Die Typusart der GattungSemionotus, Semionotus bergeri Agassiz, 1833, aus der oberen Trias (Karnium) Süddeutschlands, wird hier zum ersten Mal im Detail beschrieben, unter anderem anhand von bisher unbeschriebenem Material aus dem Naturkunde-Museum Coburg, was eine fast vollständige Rekonstruktion dieses Fisches erlaubt. Die Art lässt sich anhand der folgenden Merkmale diagnostizieren: verlängerte Frontalia, die circa 4 mal so lang wie breit sind und laterale Fortsätze vor der Orbita aufweisen, 6–7 posteriore Infraorbitalia, Infraorbitale am posteroventralen Rand der Orbita deutlich größer als die angrenzenden Infraorbitalia, Infraorbitalia am Hinterrand der Orbita so hoch wie lang und das mittlere Element nach anteroventral expandiert, Ansatz der Rückenflosse in etwas zweimal so lang wie der Ansatz der Analflosse.S. elegans aus der oberen Trias / unterem Jura der Newark Supergruppe Nordamerikas war bisher die bestbekannte Art vonSemionotus und der einzige Vertreter dieser Gattung, der in phylogenetischen Analysen berücksichtigt wurde. Der Vergleich vonS. bergeri mit anderen zu der GattungSemionotus gestellten Arten, darunterS. elegans, und mit anderen Gattungen der Semionotiden lässt allerdings Zweifel an der Monophylie dieser Gattung, wie sie derzeit verstanden wird, aufkommen, da diese Arten eine mosaikartige Verteilung von Merkmalen aufweisen.

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  1. Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333, Munich, Germany

    Adriana Löpez-Arbarello

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Löpez-Arbarello, A. Revision ofSemionotus bergeri Agassiz, 1833 (Upper Triassic, Germany), with comments on the taxonomic status ofSemionotus (Actinopterygii, Semionotiformes).. Paläontol Z 82, 40–54 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02988432

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