Abstract
We describe the synthesis of nitrides of iridium and palladium using the laser-heated diamond anvil cell. We have used the in situ techniques of x-ray powder diffraction and Raman scattering to characterize these compounds and have compared our experimental findings where possible to the results of first-principles theoretical calculations. We suggest that palladium nitride is isostructural with pyrite, while iridium nitride has a monoclinic symmetry and is isostructural with baddeleyite.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. Gregoryanz, C. Sanloup, M. Somayazulu, J. Badro, G. Fiquet, H-K. Mao R.J. Hemley: Synthesis and characterization of a binary noble metal nitride. Nat. Mater. 3, 294 2004
P.F. McMillan: New materials from high-pressure experiments. Nat. Mater. 1, 19 2003
S.T. Oyama: Introduction to the chemistry of transition metal carbides and nitrides in The Chemistry of Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides, edited by S.T. Oyama Blackie Academic & Professional, 1996 Chap. 1
H.A. Pierson: Handbook of Refractory Carbides and Nitrides Noyes Westwood, NJ 1996 Chaps. 9–13
S-H. Jhi, J. Ihm, S.G. Louie M.L. Cohen: Electronic mechanism of hardness enhancement in transition-metal carbonitrides. Nature 399, 132 1999
P. Kroll: Hafnium nitride with thorium phosphide structure: Physical properties and an assessment of the Hf–N, Zr–N, and Ti–N phase diagrams at high pressures and temperatures. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 125501 2003
L.S. Siller, M.R.C. Hunt, J.W. Brown, J-M. Coquel P. Rudolf: Nitrogen ion irradiation of Au (110): Formation of gold nitride. Surf. Sci. 513, 78 2002
G. Soto: Synthesis of PtNx films by reactive laser ablation. Mater. Lett. 58, 2178 2004
J.C. Crowhurst, A.F. Goncharov, B. Sadigh, C.L. Evans, P.G. Morrall, J.L. Ferreira A.J. Nelson: Synthesis and characterization of the nitrides of platinum and iridium. Science 311, 1277 2006
A.F. Goncharov J.C. Crowhurst: Raman spectroscopy under extreme conditions. J. Low Temp. Phys. 139, 727 2005
A.F. Young, C. Sanloup, E. Gregoryanz, S. Scandolo, R.J. Hemley, H-K. Mao: Synthesis of novel transition metal nitrides IrN2 and OsN2. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 155501 2006
A. Zerr, G. Miehe R. Boehler: Synthesis of cubic silicon nitride. Nature 400, 340 1999
A. Zerr, G. Miehe R. Boehler: Synthesis of cubic zirconium and hafnium nitrides having Th3P4 structure. Nat. Mater. 2, 185 2003
A.F. Goncharov, N. Goldman, L.E. Fried, J.C. Crowhurst, I-F. Kuo, C.J. Mundy J.M. Zaug: Dynamic ionization of water under extreme conditions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 125508 2005
E. Horvath-Bordon, R. Riedel, A. Zerr, P.F. McMillan, G. Auffermann, Y. Prots, W. Bronger, R. Kniep P. Kroll: High pressure chemistry of nitride-based materials. Chem. Soc. Rev. 35, 987 2006
R. Boehler K. De Hantsetters: New anvil designs in diamond-cells. High Pressure Res. 24, 391 2004
J.P. Perdew Y. Wang: Accurate and simple analytic representation of the electron-gas correlation energy. Phys. Rev. B 45, 13244 1992
G. Kresse J. Furthmuller: Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. Phys. Rev. B 54, 11169 1996
G. Kresse D. Joubert: From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method. Phys. Rev. B 59, 1758 1999
R. Yu, Q. Zhan L.C. De Jonghe: Crystal structures of and displacive transitions in OsN2, IrN2, RuN2, and RhN2. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Eng. 46, 1136 2007
A.F. Young, J.A. Montoya, C. Sanloup, M. Lazzeri, E. Gregoryanz, S. Scandolo: Interstitial dinitrogen makes PtN2 an insulating hard solid. Phys. Rev. B 73, 153102 2006
R. Yu: Personal communication, 2006
L. Siller, N. Peltekis, S. Krishnamurthy, Y. Chao, S.J. Bull M.R.S. Hunt: Gold film with gold nitride—A conductor but harder than gold. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 221912 2005
Y.V. Butenko, L. Alves, A.C. Brieva, J. Yang, S. Krishnamurthy L. Siller: X-ray induced decomposition of gold nitride. Chem. Phys. Lett. 430, 89 2006
Acknowledgments
J. Crowhurst gratefully acknowledges discussions with R. Yu, E. Gregoryanz, P. Kroll, and M. Somayazulu. J. Crowhurst and J. Zaug also thank S. Caldwell for assistance with XRD measurements. Use of the HPCAT facility was supported by DOE-BES, DOE-NNSA (CDAC), NSF, DOD—TACOM, and the W.M. Keck Foundation. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation—Earth Sciences (EAR-0622171), Department of Energy—Geosciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466) and the State of Illinois. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, of the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley, California. Work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-48 and was supported by the LDRD office of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Crowhurst, J.C., Goncharov, A.F., Sadigh, B. et al. Synthesis and characterization of nitrides of iridium and palladium. Journal of Materials Research 23, 1–5 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2008.0027
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2008.0027