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Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Resource for Regenerative Medicine

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Abstract

The development of regenerative medicine creates the need for an accessible source of cells to stimulate the recovery processes in pathologically altered tissues and organs. Menstrual blood with fragments of desquamated endometrium containing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be such a source. Endometrial MSCs are involved in the regeneration of the endometrial functional layer during the menstrual cycle. These cells are phenotypically similar to MSCs from other clinically relevant sources (bone marrow, adipose tissue, dental pulp, placenta) that are capable of active growth in vitro, and they have a wide differentiation potential. They secrete various biologically active substances in a paracrine manner and thereby stimulate cell survival and proliferation in affected tissues, regulate immune responses and angiogenesis, and prevent fibrosis. The potential use of menstrual blood-derived MSCs in various fields of medicine is being actively researched. Experiments on animals demonstrated the prospects of cell therapy with these cells for the treatment of pathologies of the cardiovascular, nervous, reproductive systems, skin wounds, myodystrophy, diabetes mellitus, and diseases of the liver, lungs, intestines and other organs. However, in order to successfully implement menstrual blood-derived MSCs in medical practice, further research is required to optimize protocols for cellular isolation, to assess possible risks of their transplantation, to overcome the problem of their low survival in the lesion focus, and to clarify the cellular and molecular mechanisms of their regenerative effect.

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  1. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    O. V. Payushina, D. A. Tsomartova, E. V. Chereshneva, M. Yu. Ivanova, T. A. Lomanovskaya & S. L. Kuznetsov

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  1. O. V. Payushina
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Payushina, O.V., Tsomartova, D.A., Chereshneva, E.V. et al. Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Resource for Regenerative Medicine. Biol Bull Rev 12, 41–48 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086422010054

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