Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Water Safety of the Steppe Crimea and the Possible Ways to Its Improvement

  • PROBLEMS OF WATER SUPPLY TO ARID REGIONS
  • Published:
Water Resources Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The level of water safety of the Steppe Crimea has been analyzed. The water safety has been shown to be mostly determined by the water availability in the fields of agricultural crops, primarily, cereals, cultivated in the region. The main component of water resources in the Steppe Crimea is soil water resources. The possible strategies for increasing the water availability in agrocenoses and the efficiency of the use of soil water reserves in the Steppe Crimea have been analyzed. The main strategy for improvement of water availability for agroecosystems in the region has been shown to be the strategy of development of green farming, based on the rational use of natural resources through the development of nature-use technologies oriented on nature-based processes, in particular, the use of no-till technology of minimal soil treatment with mulching its surface with plant remains.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Babkov, I.I., Climatic zoning. Climatic regions of Crimea, Klimat Kryma (Climate of Crimea), Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1961. http://www.bibliotekar. ru/7-krym/index.htm. Accessed September 10, 2021.

  2. Bol’shaya rossiiskaya entsiklopediya (Great Russian Encyclopedia), Vodnye resursy (Water Resources). https://bigenc.ru/geography/text/5563684 (accessed 17.04.2021).

  3. Budagovskii, A.I., Surface water resources and water availability for vegetation cover, Vodn. Resur., 1985, no. 4, pp. 3–13.

  4. Gusev, E.M., The perspectives of application of green economy principles in agriculture, Mezhdunar. Nauch.-Issl. Zhurn., 2020, no. 1, vol. 91, Pt. 1, pp. 87–99.

  5. Gusev, E.M., Resursy pochvennykh vod i ekologiya nazemnogo rastitel’nogo pokrova. Kontseptsii, eksperiment, raschety (Soil Water Resources and the Ecology of Terrestrial Plant Cover), Saarbrücken, Palmarium Acad. Publ., 2012.

  6. Gusev, E.M., Environmental role of surface water and its resources, Vodn. Resur., 1990, no. 5.

  7. Gusev, E.M. and Busarova, O.E., Modeling the dynamics of the relative leaf area of cereal crops, Meteorol. Gidrol., 1998, no. 1, pp. 100–107.

  8. Gusev, E.M. and Busarova, O.E., Evaluating the energy efficiency of agricultural technologies, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2001, no. 7, pp. 741–752.

  9. Gusev, E.M., Busarova, O.E., Shurkhno, A.A., and Yasinskii, S.V., Effect of straw mulch on soil thermal regime after snow cover loss, Pochvovedenie, 1992, no. 5, pp. 49–59.

  10. Gusev, E.M. and Dzhogan, L.Ya., Soil mulching as an important element in the strategy of using natural water resources in agroecosystems of the Steppe Crimea, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2019, no. 3, pp. 313–318.

  11. Dva milliarda kubometrov presnoi vody obnaruzhili pod Azovskim morem (Two billion cubic meters of freshwater have been found under the Sea of Azov). https://vesti-k.ru/news/2021/04/30/dva-milliarda-kubometrov-presnoj-vody-obnaruzhili-pod-azovskim-morem/. Accessed April 15, 2021.

  12. Doklad Ministra zhilishchno-kommunal’nogo khozyaistva Respubliki Krym A. Zhdanova na rasshirennom zasedanii Komiteta Soveta Federatsii po federativnomu ustroistvu, regional’noi politike, mestnomu samoupravleniyu i delam Severa v ramkakh Dnei Respubliki Krym v Sovete Federatsii na temu “Sostoyanie, vozmozhnosti i perspektivy razvitiya vodosnabzheniya Respubliki Krym” (Report of the Minister of Public Services A. Zhdanov at the Extended Meeting of the Committee of the Federation Council on Federation Structure, Regional Politics, Local Administration, and the Problems of the North under the Days of the Republic of Crimea in the Federation Council on the topic “The State, Opportunities, and Perspectives of Water Supply Development in the Republic of Crimea”), Simferopol’: Min. Zhil.-Kommun. Khoz. RC, 2015.

  13. Dragan, N.A., Degradation processes in Crimean soils, Problemy Prirodopol’zovaniya i ekologicheskaya situatsiya v Evropeiskoi Rossii i sopredel’nykh stranakh. (Problems of Nature Development and the Environmental Situation in European Russia and Nearby Countries), Mater. VI Intern. Conf., P.V. Goleusov, Ed., 2015, pp. 215–220.

  14. Dragan, N.A., Pochvennye Resursy Kryma (Soil Reserves of Crimea), Simferopol’: Dolya, 2004, vol. 208.

  15. Dragan, N.A., Ways of optimizing the agroecological conditions of soil resources in the Steppe Crimea, Geopol. Ekogeodin. Region., 2013, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 69–87.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Dragan, N.A., Comparative estimate of soil resources quality in Crimea, Uch. Zap. KFU. Geogr.. Geol., 2011, no. 2–1, pp. 260–266.

  17. Ivanov, N.N., Landshaftno-klimaticheskie zony zemnogo shara (Landscape-Climatic Zones of the Earth), Moscow: Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1948.

  18. Ispol’zovanie vodnykh resursov (vodopotreblenie i vodopol’zovanie) (Water Resources Development (Water Consumption and Water Use)). https://studref.com/399572/ekonomika/ispolzovanie_vodnyh_resursov_vodopotreblenie_vodopolzovanie. Accessed April 14, 2021.

  19. Itogi Vserossiiskoi sel’skokhozyaistvennoi perepisi 2016 goda na territorii Respubliki Krym. Posevnye ploshchadi sel’skokhozyaistvennykh kul’tur i ploshchadi mnogoletnikh nasazhdenii i yagodnykh kul’tur (Results of All-Russia Agricultural Census 2016 in the Territory of the Republic of Crimea. Areas Under Agricultural Crops and Areas of Perennial Plants and Small-Fruit Crops), Book 2. Struktura posevnykh ploshchadei. Gruppirovki ob’’ektov perepisi po razmeru posevnykh ploshchadei (The Structure of Cultivated Lands. Grouping of Census Objects by the Size of Cultivated Areas), vol. IV, Simferopol’: Krymstat, 2018.

  20. Klimat stepnogo Kryma (Steppe Crimea Climate). Bol’shoi toponimicheskii slovar’ Kryma (Large Toponimic Dictionary of Crimea). http://kimmeria.com/crimea_placenames/repository/sun_crimea_ 16.htm Accessed April 14, 2021.

  21. Klimaticheskie usloviya v Krymu (Climate Conditions in Crimea). http://hikersbay.com/climate-conditions/ukraine/crimea/klimaticheskie-usloviya-v-krym.html. Accessed April 14, 2021.

  22. Moiseev, N.N., Algoritmy razvitiya (Algorithms of Development), Moscow: Nauka, 1987.

  23. Nasonova, O.N., Gusev, E.M., Kovalev, E.E., and Shurkhno, E.A., Global estimates of changes in the terrestrial water balance components in the context of possible climate changes, Water Resour., 2021, no. 4, pp. 459–474.

  24. Novye skvazhiny, opresnenie morya i razvorot rek: kak Krym obespechat vodoi (New Wells, Sea Freshening, and River Diversion: How Crimea will be Supplied with Water). https://ecologyofrussia.ru/stories/krym-voda/ Accessed May 1, 2021.

  25. Pochvy Kerchenskogo poluostrova ot chernozemov do solonchakov (Soils of Kerch Peninsula from Black Soil to Solonchaks). https://kerchland.com/pochvy-kerchenskogo-poluostrova-ot-chernozemov-do-solonchakov. Accessed July 2, 2021).

  26. Pochvy Kryma (Crimean Soils). https://crimea.ru/pochvy-kryma.htm. Accessed May 10, 2021.

  27. Problemy i perspektivy innovatsionnogo razvitiya sel’skikh territorii Kryma: kollektivnaya monografiya (Problems and Perspectives of the Innovation Development of Rural Territories in Crimea: Collective Monograph), NIISKhK. Simferopol’: ARIAL, 2019. https://doi.org/10.33952/978-5-907162-56-3

  28. Razlichiya i skhodstva tverdoi i myagkoi pshenitsy (Differences and Similarities between Hard and Soft Wheat). https://ferma.expert/rasteniya/kultury/pshenica/tverdaya-i-myagkaya. Accessed July 10, 2021.

  29. Republic of Crimea, Nauchno-populyarnaya entsiklopediya “Voda Rossii” (Scientific-Popular Encyclopedia “Water of Russia.” https://water-rf.ru/Regiony_Rossii/2536/Respublika_Krym. Accessed August 10, 2021.

  30. Ruseikina, E.S., Kuzina, O., Magomedov, M., and Tarasenko, V.E., Ust’e Reki Kuban–Severokrymskii Kanal. Variant perebroski presnoi vody v Krym (Kuban River Mouth–North Crimean Canal. A Version of Freshwater Transfer into Crimea). www.c-o-k.ru/articles/uste-reki-kuban-severokrymskiy-kanal-variant-perebroski-presnoy-vody-v-krym Accessed May 10, 2021.

  31. Safin, Kh.M., The technology is profitable and requires fast introduction, Rynok APK, 10.11.2020. https://rynok-apk.ru/articles/plants/strip-till-tehnolo-giya/ Accessed April 14, 2021.

  32. Safin, Kh.M., Shvarts, L.S., and Fakhrislamov, R.S., Tekhnologiya No-till v sisteme sberegayushchego zemledeliya: teoriya i praktika vnedreniya (No-Till Technology in the System of Conservative Farming: Theory and Practice of Introduction), Ufa: Mir pechati, 2013.

  33. Severo-Krymskii_kanal (North Crimean Channel). https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severo-Krymskii_ kanal. Accessed May 10, 2021.

  34. Sel’skoe khozyaistvo Kryma (Crimean Agriculture). https://ab-centre.ru/page/selskoe-hozyaystvo-kryma https://ab-centre.ru/page/selskoe-hozyaystvo-kryma Accessed April 10, 2021.

  35. Sel’skoe khozyaistvo Kryma. Material iz Vikipedii (Crimean Agriculture. Data from Wikipedia). https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sel'skoe_khozyaistvo_Kryma Accessed May 10, 2021.

  36. Sokolov, A.A., Voda: problemy na rubezhe XXI veka (Water: Problems at the Turn of the XXI Century), Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1986.

  37. Sostoyalsya nauchno-prakticheskii seminar po tekhnologii No-till (A scientific-practical workshop on no-till technology was carried out). Lenta novostei Kryma (crimea-news.com). https://crimea-news.com/society/2021/04/16/782772.html. Accessed August 10, 2021.

  38. Stepnoi Krym: klimat, rel’ef, flora i fauna. Granitsy regiona. Interesnye mesta i dostoprimechatel’nosti (Steppe Crimea: climate, relief, flora, and fauna. Boundaries of the region. Places of interest). https://fb.ru/article/386415/stepnoy-kryim-klimat-relef-flora-i-fauna-granitsyi-regiona-interesnyie-mesta-i-dostoprimecha-telnosti Accessed April 14, 2021.

  39. What was first: tillage or zero? http://agrotehnology.com/no-till/teoriya/tak-chto-zhe-bylo-ranshe-ob-rabotka-ili-nol. Accessed April 14, 2021.

  40. Tekhnologiya vozdelyvaniya sel’skokhozyaistvennykh kul’tur (Technology of cultivation of agricultural crops). https://lektsia.com/6xd85b.html. Accessed May 10, 2021.

  41. Tishchenko, A.I., Kuz’michev, A.A., and Ponomarenko, T.S., Rational use of Crimean water resources for melioration, Nauch. Zhurn. Ros. NII Probl. Melior., 2018, no. 1, vol. 29, pp. 188–207.

    Google Scholar 

  42. U morya bez vody. Chto zhdet Krym posle zasushlivoi zimy (At a Sea without Water. What Awaits Crimea after Dry Winter), Ogonek, 2020, no. 22. https://im.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2020/022/26-28%20krym-1.jpg. Accessed August 14, 2021.

  43. Urozhainost’ sel’skokhozyaistvennykh kul’tur v Respublike Krym (pereschitannye dannye s uchetom itogov VSKhP-2016) (Yield of Agricultural Crops in the Republic of Crimea (Recalculated Data with the Results of VSKhP-2016 Taken into Account), Rosstat. Simferopol’: Upravlenie Federal’noi sluzhby gosudarstvennoi statistiki po Respubliki Krym i g. Sevastopolyu, 2019.

  44. Folsom, K., Proiskhozhdenie zhizni (The Origin of Life), Moscow: Mir, 1982.

  45. Chebotarev, A.I., Gidrologicheskii slovar' (Hydrological Dictionary), Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1978.

  46. Etkins, P., Poryadok i besporyadok v prirode (Order and Disorder in the Nature), Moscow: Mir, 1987.

  47. No-till sberegaet pochvu i den’gi krest’yanina (No-till saves the soil and peasant’s money) https://apc-intech.ru/no-till-sberegaet-pochvu-i-dengi-krestyanina. Accessed July 10, 2021.

  48. Bayer, C., Martin-Neto, L., Mielniczuk, J., Pavinato, A., and Dieckow, J., Carbon sequestration in two Brazilian Cerrado soils under no-till, J. Soil Tillage Res., 2006, vol. 86, no. 2, p. 237–245.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Commoner, B., The Closing Circle: Nature, Man, and Technology, New York: Knopf, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Gusev, E.M., Evolution of agricultural technologies: from “gray” to “green,” Arid Ecosyst., 2020, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079096120010060

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Gusev, E.M., Inevitability and prospects of the use of the “green farming” strategy by humanity, Arid Ecosyst., 2019, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 143–149. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079096119030041

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Gusev, Y.M., Dzhogan, L.Y., and Nasonova, O.N., Modelling the impact of mulching the soil with plant remains on water regime formation, crop yield and energy costs in agricultural ecosystems, Proc. IAHS, 2018, vol. 376, pp. 77–82.

  53. Gusev, Ye. and Novak, V., Soil water—main water resources for terrestrial ecosystems of the biosphere, J. Hydrol. Hydromech., 2007, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 3–15.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Hall, A. and Dorai, K., The Greening of Agriculture. Agricultural Innovation and Sustainable Growth, Brighton, UK: Link Limited, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Montgomery, D.R., Dirt: Erosion of Civilizations, Berkeley: Los Angeles: Univ. California Press, 2007.

  56. Montgomery, D.R., Is agriculture eroding civilization’s foundation?, GSA Today, 2007, vol. 17, no. 10, pp. 4–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Morowitz, H.J., Energy Flow in Biology: Biological Organization as a Problem in Thermal Physics, New York: Acad. Press, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Nature-Based Solutions for Water. The United Nations World Water Development Rep., 2018, Paris: UNESCO

  59. No-till air drill. https://www.deere.com/en/seeding-equipment/n550-no-till-air-drill. Accessed September 10, 2021.

  60. Sustainable Management of Water Resources in Agriculture, Paris: OECD Publ., 2019.

Download references

Funding

The study was carried out under State Assignment to Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences ((no. 0126-2021-0001, state registration no. 121040700170-9), “The Development of a Methodological Base and Digital Technologies for Decision Support for Ensuring the Water Safety of Crimea” (the section of the article “The Possible Ways for Improving Water Availability for Agroecosystems of the Steppe Crimea”), subject FMWZ-2022-0001 “Studying the Processes of the Continental Hydrological Cycle and the Formation of Water Resources, Geophysical Processes in Water Objects and Their Basins, the Formation of Extreme Hydrological Events and the Dynamics of Hydrological Systems Taking into Account the Changing Climate Conditions and Anthropogenic Factors” (all sections of the article, except for that mentioned above)).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333, Moscow, Russia

    E. M. Gusev, L. Ya. Dzhogan & O. N. Nasonova

Authors
  1. E. M. Gusev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. L. Ya. Dzhogan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. N. Nasonova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. M. Gusev.

Additional information

Translated by G. Krichevets

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gusev, E.M., Dzhogan, L.Y. & Nasonova, O.N. Water Safety of the Steppe Crimea and the Possible Ways to Its Improvement. Water Resour 49, 543–554 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0097807822040078

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0097807822040078

Keywords:

Search

Navigation