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Neurodevelopmental Disorder in a Child with High Intellectual Potential: Contribution of an Integrative Neuropsychomotor Standardized Assessment, Neuropsychological, and Eye-Tracking in a Single-Case Study

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Abstract

Objectives

High intellectual potential (HIP) is not a protective factor neurodevelopmental disorder, particularly when the visuo-spatial (VSI) and possessing speed index (PSI) are significantly lower than verbal comprehension index (VCI) on WISC-V scale. We aimed to better understand the significance of the IQ profile heterogeneous in HIP, with the hypothesis that some neurodevelopmental disorders could explain this.

Methods

In this observational analytical study, we present data from a single case of a girl aged 6 years and 3 months old, and assessed HIP with a heterogeneous profile on the WISC-VFR. Pluridisciplinary investigations were used: neuropsychological, neuropsychomotor, neurovisual, and oculomotor assessments.

Results

The WISC-VFR scale showed a heterogeneous profile with 41 points of dissociation between high (VCI) and less scale (PSI), General Ability Index = 136. The selective auditory attention was normal, but selective visual attention was low (standard deviation = −1.15). Visual gnosis and discrimination were impaired for age. The mathematical abilities were impaired (SD = −2.25). Regarding neuromotor functions, we noted an axis tone hypotonia (−3.35 SD), with synkinesis and difficulties in dynamic balance (SD = −2.83), and in ideomotor praxis (SD = −3.02). Oculomotor recorded yielded the numerous micro-slides and micro-oscillations in fixation with a saccadic smooth pursuit.

Conclusions

The findings showed that the HIP with a very heterogeneous IQ profile can conceal neurodevelopmental disorders with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and different learning disabilities. The main brain implications were discussed. Moreover, our original clinical approach in the neuromotor field is to use a digital standardized developmental neuropsychomotor battery and eye-tracking, allowing clinicians to avoid scoring error bias and save considerable time for important clinical data.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the child Sarah and her family who took part in the study and have allowed to publish the case study.

Funding

This research was supported by the “Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)” (grant numbers L17P99, IUF004) and by the “Fondation pour la Recherche en Psychomotricité et Maladies de Civilisation (FRPMC) of the Foundation de France,” and the “Association Nationale Recherche et Technologie (ANRT).”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Society and Humanity, Department of Psychology, Université de Paris, Paris, France

    Soukaina Hamdioui

  2. National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM UMR 1018-CESP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France

    Soukaina Hamdioui, Chantal Clouard & Laurence Vaivre-Douret

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Assistante Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP. Centre), Necker Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France

    Matthieu P. Robert & Maxence Rateaux

  4. Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, Paris, France

    Matthieu P. Robert & Maxence Rateaux

  5. Centre Borelli, UMR 9010, National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS Cachan), Army Health Service SSA, Université de Paris, Paris, France

    Matthieu P. Robert & Maxence Rateaux

  6. Department of Child Psychiatry, Assistante Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP. Centre), Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris, France

    Chantal Clouard

  7. Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, and Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France

    Laurence Vaivre-Douret

Authors
  1. Soukaina Hamdioui
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  2. Matthieu P. Robert
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  3. Maxence Rateaux
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  4. Chantal Clouard
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  5. Laurence Vaivre-Douret
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Contributions

S. H. conceived the study, analyzed and interpreted the data, wrote the manuscript, revised and approved the final editing of the paper. M. P. R. collaborated with the interpretation of results and in the revision of the manuscript. M. R. collaborated with the interpretation of eye-tracking results. C. C. collaborated with the design and the analysis of the data, and in the revised manuscript. L. V. D. collaborated with the design of the study, the analysis of results, and the writing of the manuscript, and approved the final editing of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Laurence Vaivre-Douret.

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Ethical Approval

The Institutional Ethic Committee of Université de Paris approved the study (CER-PD 2019-93).

Informed Consent

The participant provided written informed consent before starting the study, signed by a parent and the child before enrollment in the study.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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The funding sources were not involved in the study design, the collections, analysis, and interpretation of data, the report writing, or the decision to submit the article for publication.

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Hamdioui, S., Robert, M.P., Rateaux, M. et al. Neurodevelopmental Disorder in a Child with High Intellectual Potential: Contribution of an Integrative Neuropsychomotor Standardized Assessment, Neuropsychological, and Eye-Tracking in a Single-Case Study. Adv Neurodev Disord 6, 84–99 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41252-022-00236-y

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