Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of Cold Work and Partial Annealing on Thermomechanical Behaviour of Ti-50.5at%Ni

  • SPECIAL ISSUE: FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS, INVITED PAPER
  • Published:
Shape Memory and Superelasticity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of cold work and partial annealing on the thermal and mechanical behaviour of NiTi. It is well understood that the thermomechanical properties of near-equiatomic NiTi are highly dependent on the microstructure, and hence the history of thermomechanical treatments has undergone through. It has been generally accepted that a sufficiently high cold work is necessary prior to annealing but detailed knowledge of the influence of the level of prior cold work on annealing is unclear. This study determined the threshold effective levels of cold work required for annealing and demonstrated that the thermal and mechanical properties of Ti-50.5at%Ni are sensitive to the level of cold work as well as temperature of partial annealing.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mitwally ME, Farag M (2009) Effect of cold work and annealing on the structure and characteristics of NiTi alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 519(1–2):155–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Miller DA, Lagoudas DC (2001) Influence of cold work and heat treatment on the shape memory effect and plastic strain development of NiTi. Mater Sci Eng A 308(1–2):161–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Lin HC, Wu SK (1993) Determination of heat of transformation in a cold-rolled martensitic tini alloy. Metall Trans A 24(2):293–299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Brailovski V, Prokoshkin SD, Khmelevskaya IY, Inaekyan KE, Demers V, Bastarache E, Dobatkin SV, Tatyanin EV (2006) Interrelations between the properties and structure of thermomechanically-treated equiatomic Ti–Ni alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 438–440:597–601

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Ishida A, Sato M, Takei A, Nomura K, Miyazaki S (1996) Effect of aging on shape memory behavior of Ti-51.3 At. pct ni thin films. Metall Mater Trans A 27(12):3753–3759

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kim JI, Liu Y, Miyazaki S (2004) Ageing-induced two-stage R-phase transformation in Ti – 50.9at.%Ni. Acta Mater 52(2):487–499

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Zheng Y, Jiang F, Li L, Yang H, Liu Y (2008) Effect of ageing treatment on the transformation behaviour of Ti–50.9 at.% Ni alloy. Acta Mater 56(4):736–745

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Li YF, Mi XJ, Tan J, Gao BD (2009) Thermo-mechanical cyclic transformation behavior of Ti–Ni shape memory alloy wire. Mater Sci Eng A 509(1–2):8–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Airoldi G, Rivolta B (1988) Thermal cycling and intermediate R-phase in NiTi system. Phys Scr 37(6):891

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Khelfaoui F, Guénin G (2003) Influence of the recovery and recrystallization processes on the martensitic transformation of cold worked equiatomic Ti–Ni alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 355(1–2):292–298

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Su PC, Wu SK (2004) The four-step multiple stage transformation in deformed and annealed Ti 49 Ni 51 shape memory alloy. Acta Mater 52(5):1117–1122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Chang SH, Wu SK, Chang GH (2006) Transformation sequence in severely cold-rolled and annealed Ti 50 Ni 50 alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 438–440:509–512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Todoroki T, Tamura H (1987) Effect of heat treatment after cold working on the phase transformation in TiNi alloy. Trans Jpn Inst Metals 28(2):83–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Chrobak D, Stróż D, Morawiec H (2003) Effect of early stages of precipitation and recovery on the multi-step transformation in deformed and annealed near-equiatomic NiTi alloy. Scr Mater 48(5):571–576

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Yan X, Ge Y, Van Humbeeck J (2015) Influence of Annealing on the Stress-Assisted Two-Way Memory Effect in Cold-Worked NiTi Wire. Adv Eng Mater 17(2):162–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Chang SH, Wu SK, Chang GH (2005) Grain size effect on multiple-stage transformations of a cold-rolled and annealed equiatomic TiNi alloy. Scr Mater 52(12):1341–1346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Lin HC, Wu SK, Chou TS, Kao HP (1991) The effects of cold rolling on the martensitic transformation of an equiatomic TiNi alloy. Acta Metall Mater 39(9):2069–2080

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Chrobak D, Morawiec H (2001) Thermodynamic analysis of the martensitic transformation in plastically deformed NiTi alloy. Scr Mater 44(5):725–730

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Khaleghi F, Khalil-Allafi J, Abbasi-Chianeh V, Noori S (2013) Effect of short-time annealing treatment on the superelastic behavior of cold drawn Ni-rich NiTi shape memory wires. J Alloy Compd 554:32–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Peterlechner M, Bokeloh J, Wilde G, Waitz T (2010) Study of relaxation and crystallization kinetics of NiTi made amorphous by repeated cold rolling. Acta Mater 58(20):6637–6648

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Yu C, Aoun B, Cui L, Liu Y, Yang H, Jiang X, Cai S, Jiang D, Liu Z, Brown DE, Ren Y (2016) Synchrotron high energy X-ray diffraction study of microstructure evolution of severely cold drawn NiTi wire during annealing. Acta Mater 115:35–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Delville R, Malard B, Pilch J, Sittner P, Schryvers D (2010) Microstructure changes during non-conventional heat treatment of thin Ni–Ti wires by pulsed electric current studied by transmission electron microscopy. Acta Mater 58(13):4503–4515

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Prokoshkin S, Brailovski V, Dubinskiy S, Inaekyan K, Kreitcberg A (2016) Gradation of nanostructures in cold-rolled and annealed Ti–Ni shape memory alloys. Shap Mem Superelast 2(1):12–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Sergueeva AV, Song C, Valiev RZ, Mukherjee AK (2003) Structure and properties of amorphous and nanocrystalline NiTi prepared by severe plastic deformation and annealing. Mater Sci Eng A 339(1–2):159–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. S. Miyazaki, Y. Ohmi, K. Otsuka, Y. Suzuki (1982) Characteristics of deformation and transformation pseudoelasticity in Ti–Ni alloys, J. Phys Colloq 43(C4): C4-255–C4-260

  26. Morawiec H, Stróż D, Goryczka T, Chrobak D (1996) Two-stage martensitic transformation in a deformed and annealed NiTi alloy. Scr Mater 35(4):485–490

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Liu Y, Galvin SP (1997) Criteria for pseudoelasticity in near-equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloys. Acta Mater 45(11):4431–4439

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Liu Y, McCormick PG (1994) Thermodynamic analysis of the martensitic transformation in NiTi—I. Effect of heat treatment on transformation behaviour. Acta Metall et Mater 42(7):2401–2406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Favier D, Liu Y, Orgéas L, Sandel A, Debove L, Comte-Gaz P (2006) Influence of thermomechanical processing on the superelastic properties of a Ni-rich Nitinol shape memory alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 429(1–2):130–136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Stachowiak GB, McCormick PG (1988) Shape memory behaviour associated with the R and martensitic transformations in a NiTi alloy. Acta Metall 36(2):291–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

The authors acknowledge the financial support of Australian Research Council in Grant DP160105066.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia

    Abdus Samad Mahmud PhD, Zhigang Wu PhD, Hong Yang PhD & Yinong Liu PhD

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, 14300, Penang, Malaysia

    Abdus Samad Mahmud PhD

Authors
  1. Abdus Samad Mahmud PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhigang Wu PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hong Yang PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yinong Liu PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhigang Wu PhD.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mahmud, A.S., Wu, Z., Yang, H. et al. Effect of Cold Work and Partial Annealing on Thermomechanical Behaviour of Ti-50.5at%Ni. Shap. Mem. Superelasticity 3, 57–66 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-017-0103-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-017-0103-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation