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Effect of Methanol Extract of Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) Fruit Pulp on NG-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (l-NAME) Induced Hypertension in Rats

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Abstract

Introduction

Most available drugs used for management of hypertension have presented a plethora of challenges which genuinely called for development of therapies from natural sources.

Aim

This study investigated the effect of methanol extract of Adansonia digitata fruit (MEADF) pulp on NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) induced hypertension in rats.

Methods

Fourty eight (48) wistar rats divided into six (6) groups (eight rats each) were employed. The induction of hypertension was achieved using l-NAME (40mg//kg body weight) by oral gavages. The induced rats were treated with MEADF pulp (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) and Ramipril (10 mg/kg) and the remaining three groups serve as control. Serum haemodynamic and biochemical modifiable parameters were determined using standard assay procedures

Results

Administration of MEADF to the rats exerted a dose-dependent lowering effect on the elevated systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and heart rate towards the normal physiological threshold. At 400 mg/kg of MEADF, there was significant (p < 0.05) reduction in serum lipid profile and biomarkers associated with endothelial dysfunction [angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity], inflammation (C-reactive protein and interleukin-1β), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde) and cardiac injury (creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase activities). However, serum concentrations of nitric oxide, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, total bilirubin and albumin were not significantly (p < 0.05) different from those found in normal control group.

Conclusion

This study therefore demonstrates that MEADF possesses an in vivo ACE inhibitory activity, hypotensive potential and the ability to avert further degeneration of biochemical and physiological upsets associated with l-NAME induced hypertension.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

    Abubakar Alhaji Liman, Aliyu Salihu & Elewechi Onyike

  2. Department of Food Technology, Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New-Bussa, Niger, Nigeria

    Abubakar Alhaji Liman

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  1. Abubakar Alhaji Liman
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  2. Aliyu Salihu
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Correspondence to Aliyu Salihu.

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This study did not receive any specific grant from public, commercial and private sectors.

Author contributions

All the authors participated in the design and data collection. AAL carried out the laboratory experiments, analyzed the data and wrote the first draft of the manuscript; AS developed the concept of this study, analyzed the data and edited the manuscript and EO reviewed the relevant literature, analyzed the data and edited the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the content of this manuscript.

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Liman, A.A., Salihu, A. & Onyike, E. Effect of Methanol Extract of Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) Fruit Pulp on NG-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (l-NAME) Induced Hypertension in Rats. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 28, 291–300 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-021-00448-8

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