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Sugar metabolism as input signals and fuel for leaf senescence

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Abstract

Senescence in plants is an active and acquired developmental process that occurs at the last developmental stage during the life cycle of a plant. Leaf senescence is a relatively slow process, which is characterized by loss of photosynthetic activity and breakdown of macromolecules, to compensate for reduced energy production. Sugars, major photosynthetic assimilates, are key substrates required for cellular respiration to produce intermediate sources of energy and reducing power, which are known to be essential for the maintenance of cellular processes during senescence. In addition, sugars play roles as signaling molecules to facilitate a wide range of developmental processes as metabolic sensors. However, the roles of sugar during the entire period of senescence remain fragmentary. The purpose of the present review was to examine and explore changes in production, sources, and functions of sugars during leaf senescence. Further, the review explores the current state of knowledge on how sugars mediate the onset or progression of leaf senescence. Progress in the area would facilitate the determination of more sophisticated ways of manipulating the senescence process in plants and offer insights that guide efforts to maintain nutrients in leafy plants during postharvest storage.

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Fig. 1

Sources of metabolic sugars and their related executors during development, introduced in the present review, are presented. Empirical levels of metabolic sugars are illustrated using a color intensity gradient. (Color figure online)

Fig. 2

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Abbreviations

Glc:

Glucose

Suc:

Sucrose

T6P:

Trehalose-6-phosphate

TOR:

Target of rapamycin

TPP:

Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase

TPS:

Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase

SnRK1:

Sucrose-non-fermenting1-related kinases

SAG:

Senescence-associated gene

UDP-Glc:

Uridine diphosphate glucose

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Acknowledgements

I apologize to all authors whose studies are not included in the present review due to space limitations. This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) (2018R1C1B5086056).

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    Jeongsik Kim

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Kim, J. Sugar metabolism as input signals and fuel for leaf senescence. Genes Genom 41, 737–746 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-019-00804-y

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