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Review of Experimental Modelling in Vascular Access for Hemodialysis

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Abstract

This paper reviews applications of experimental modelling in vascular access for hemodialysis. Different techniques that are used in in-vitro experiments are bulk pressure and flow rate measurements, Laser Doppler Velocimetry and Vector Doppler Ultrasound point velocity measurements, and whole-field measurements such as Particle Image Velocimetry, Ultrasound Imaging Velocimetry, Colour Doppler Ultrasound, and Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence. Of these methods, the ultrasound techniques can also be used in-vivo, to provide realistic boundary conditions to in-vitro experiments or numerical simulations. In the reviewed work, experimental modelling is mainly used to support computational models, but also in some cases as a tool on its own. It is concluded that, to further advance the utility of computational modelling in vascular access research, a rigorous verification and validation procedure should be adopted. Experimental modelling can play an important role in both in-vitro validation, and the quantification of the accuracy, uncertainty, and reproducibility of in-vivo measurement methods.

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Conflict of interest

S. Drost, N. Alam, J. G. Houston and D. Newport declares that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Funding

This project has received funding from the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant Agreement No. 324487.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

    S. Drost, N. Alam & D. Newport

  2. Molecular & Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK

    J. G. Houston

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  1. S. Drost
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  2. N. Alam
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  3. J. G. Houston
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  4. D. Newport
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Correspondence to D. Newport.

Additional information

Associate Editors James E Moore Jr. and Michael Walsh oversaw the review of this article.

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Drost, S., Alam, N., Houston, J.G. et al. Review of Experimental Modelling in Vascular Access for Hemodialysis. Cardiovasc Eng Tech 8, 330–341 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13239-017-0311-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13239-017-0311-4

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