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Carbonate diagenetic products and processes from various diagenetic environments in Permian paleokarst reservoirs: a case study of the limestone strata of Maokou formation in Sichuan Basin, South China

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An Erratum to this article was published on 06 July 2017

Abstract

Understanding the processes and products of carbonate diagenesis is crucial to the exploration and optimum development of palaeokarst hydrocarbon reservoirs in Permian carbonate rocks. Several well-documented outcrops and well drills in the Permian marine carbonate strata around the Sichuan Basin, South China, encompassing well-developed paleokarst landforms in the Middle-Upper Maokou Formation have been investigated. The sections and cores recording paleokarst reservoirs exhibit very similar carbonate diagenetic products and processes from various diagenetic environments by much most cementation and formation of secondary porosity in carbonates. The major diagenetic environments experience the zones of seawater, surface or near-surface atmospheric water, and subsurface mixed water between marine and meteoric. Characteristic diagenetic textures produced in each environment are described and different generations of calcite cements related to the process are responsible for their formation by sedimentary petrology and stable isotope geochemistry. Paleokarst under the constrained condition of surface and near-surface atmospheric water is the most favorable for oil–gas accumulation and presents some karst-related pores-caves-fissures with less or no fillings. Dissolution and corrosion of carbonate by atmospheric freshwater can alter the accumulation spaces and develop better fractures-caves system. These characteristic could exhibit some substantial data for better predicting porosity trends in Permian carbonate rocks and also provide important geological information for further exploring oil–gas resource in marine carbonate strata.

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Acknowledgments

Dr. Xu Jinyong of Chengdu University of Technology helped in measuring carbon isotope ratios of marine carbonates. Dr. Junji Zhang and Senior Engineer Peiquan Kang of Chengdu University of Technology helped us in sampling collection in the field and the fossils identification. The authors greatly appreciated all those mentioned above. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40739903).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People’s Republic of China

    Xuesong Tian

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Xuesong Tian

  3. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, People’s Republic of China

    Zejin Shi

  4. College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, People’s Republic of China

    Guan Yin & Yong Wang

  5. College of Energy Sciences Resources, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, People’s Republic of China

    Zejin Shi & Qian Tan

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  1. Xuesong Tian
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  3. Guan Yin
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Correspondence to Zejin Shi.

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An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13146-017-0366-1.

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Tian, X., Shi, Z., Yin, G. et al. Carbonate diagenetic products and processes from various diagenetic environments in Permian paleokarst reservoirs: a case study of the limestone strata of Maokou formation in Sichuan Basin, South China. Carbonates Evaporites 32, 215–230 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-016-0296-3

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