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Spectroscopic Assessment of Sugarcane Bagasse Mediated Vermicompost for Qualitative Enrichment of Animal Wastes Elephus maximus and Bos taurus

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Abstract

The vermicomposting process using sugarcane bagasse as substrate with cow dung and elephant dung were evaluated by using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. The significant of the current study to create a biological alternative and humification process for open-air decomposed debris of sugarcane crop residue and animal dungs by using earthworm. FT-IR and GC–MS analysis was performed to determine the maturity and stability stage of vermicompost in the initial and 90th day substrates. The zero day raw material had found 25 organic compounds which was increased to 30 compounds after 90th day of vermicomposting. FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated that distinct biochemical functional groups included in wastes, underwent variable chemical changes and turnover during vermicomposting. GC–MS profile revealed that existence of numerous humic acids in the predominant level of metabolites and disintegrating compounds viz., Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (14.89%), Benzenepropanoic acid 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-methylester (108.53%), Octadecanoic acid (8.98%), Dodecanoic acid methyl ester (1.99%), Methyl tetradecanoate (1.36%) and interestingly absence of toxic compounds, its clearly demonstrating as an indicator of substrate maturity. All the biochemical compounds are considered biologically and pharmacologically important and this was supported by a fall in the humification index, which focuses on the joint action of earthworms and bacteria in the decomposition of organic substrates. The technique FT-IR verified the mineralization process and formation of a significant amount of carboxylic and aliphatic group degradation and GC–MS profile found the turnover of different organic components in chemical footprints and it were proved to be more promising fast, reliable and conventional method. Therefore, the current study can be regarded as a comprehensive eco-biochemical method that will open a new vista on the significance of sugarcane bagasse for solid waste management. Finally, it was found that the amount of solid waste dumped in landfills could be greatly reduced and that industrial waste could be transformed into high-quality vermicompost.

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Abbreviations

GC–MS :

Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy

FT-IR :

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

S1 :

Sugarcane bagasse + 100% cow dung

S2 :

Sugarcane bagasse + 100% elephant dung

S3 :

Sugarcane bagasse + 50% cow dung + 50% elephant dung

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Acknowledgements

We thank to University Grants Commission-College of Excellence (UGC-CE), New Delhi funding for Instruments facilities (FT-IR, Shimatzu IR Sprit make and AAS SL168 Elico make) in the Department of Chemistry, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore” and for GCMS analysis the Instrument (Agilent GC 7890A / MS5975C) facilities provided by TUV SUD South Asia Pvt Ltd., Tirupur and the authors wish to thank the management of Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu for provide the infrastructure facility to carry out the research work.

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  1. Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, 641029, Tamil Nadu, India

    Preethee Saravanan & Kathireswari Palanisamy

  2. Department of Chemistry, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, 641029, TamilNadu, India

    Saminathan Kulandaivelu

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  1. Preethee Saravanan
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Saravanan, P., Palanisamy, K. & Kulandaivelu, S. Spectroscopic Assessment of Sugarcane Bagasse Mediated Vermicompost for Qualitative Enrichment of Animal Wastes Elephus maximus and Bos taurus. Waste Biomass Valor 14, 2133–2149 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-022-02011-5

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