Skip to main content
Log in

Going beyond the Beauty - Trust Link: the Moderating Role of Mood

  • Published:
Current Psychology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

An Erratum to this article was published on 28 November 2016

This article has been updated

Abstract

The current research examines the moderating role of mood in the relationship between beauty and trust. We propose that varying mood states can evoke different trust behaviors depending on the facial attractiveness of a person. Two experiments, each with different experiment paradigms, showed that people are more likely to rely on the characteristics of their partner’s face beauty in trust building when they are experiencing a positive mood. However, when participants are primed for a negative mood, the influence of attractiveness disappears. This finding indicates that facial attractiveness has no influence on trust behavior in a negative mood condition. These findings further illuminate the underlying influence of mood in the beauty-trust link.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

  • 28 November 2016

    An erratum to this article has been published.

References

  • Aharon, I., Etcoff, N. L., Ariely, D., Chabris, C. F., O’Connor, E., & Breiter, H. C. (2001). Beautiful faces have variable reward value: fMRI and behavior evidence. Neuron, 32(32), 537–551.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Avramova, Y. R., Stapel, D. A., & Lerouge, D. (2010). Mood and context-dependence: Positive mood increases and negative mood decreases the effects of context on perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99(2), 203–214.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bascandziev, I., & Harris, P. L. (2013). In beauty we trust: Children prefer information from more attractive informants. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 32(1), 94–99.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berg, J., Dickhaut, J., & McCabe, K. (1995). Trust, reciprocity, and social history. Games and Economic Behavior, 10(1), 122–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berry, D. S., & McArthur, L. Z. (1986). Perceiving character in faces: The impact of age-related craniofacial changes on social perception. Psychological Bulletin, 100(1), 3–18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blair, I. V., Chapleau, K. M., & Judd, C. M. (2005). The use of Afrocentric features as cues for judgment in the presence of diagnostic information. European Journal of Social Psychology, 35, 59–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanton, H., & Jaccard, J. (2006). Tests of multiplicative models in psychology: A case study using the unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept. Psychological Review, 113(1), 155–166.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bless, H., & Fiedler, K. (1995). Affective state and the influence of activated general knowledge. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(7), 766–778.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bless, H., & Fiedler, K. (2006). Mood and the regulation of information processing and behavior. Affect in Social Thinking and Behavior, 8, 65–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bless, H., Bohner, G., Schwarz, N., & Strack, F. (1990). Mood and persuasion: A cognitive response analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 16(2), 331–345.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bless, H., Schwarz, N., & Wieland, R. (1996). Mood and the impact of category membership and individuating information. European Journal of Social Psychology, 26(6), 935–959.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bower, G. H., & Forgaas, J. P. (2001). Mood and social memory. Handbook of Affect and Social Cognition, 95–120.

  • Brewer, M. B. (2008). Depersonalized trust and in-group cooperation. In J. I. Krueger (Ed.), Rationality and social responsibility: essays in honor of Robyn Mason Dawes (pp. 215–232). New York: Psychology Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhuri, A., Sopher, B., & Strand, P. (2002). Cooperation in social dilemmas, trust and reciprocity. Journal of Economic Psychology, 23(2), 231–249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corneille, O., Monin, B., & Pleyers, G. (2005). Is positivity a cue or a response option? Warm glow vs. evaluative matching in the familiarity for attractive and not-so-attractive faces. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41(4), 431–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dion, K., Berscheid, E., & Walster, E. (1972). What is beautiful is good. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 24(3), 285–290.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, J. R., & Schweitzer, M. E. (2005). Feeling and believing: the influence of emotion on trust. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(5), 736–748.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eagly, A. H., Ashmore, R. D., Makhijani, M. G., & Longo, L. C. (1991). What is beautiful is good, but...: A meta-analytic review of the research on the physical attractiveness stereotype. Psychological Bulletin, 110, 109–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Miller, P. A., Fultz, J., Shell, R., Mathy, R. M., & Reno, R. R. (1989). Relation of sympathy and personal distress to prosocial behavior: a multimethod study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(1), 55–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Epley, N., & Whitchurch, E. (2008). Mirror, mirror on the wall: enhancement in self-recognition. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 1159–1170.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fehr, E., & Fischbacher, U. (2003). The nature of human altruism. Nature, 425, 785–791.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Forgas, J. P. (2007). When sad is better than happy: negative affect can improve the quality and effectiveness of persuasive messages and social influence strategies. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(4), 513–528.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forgas, J. P. (2008). Affect and cognition. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(2), 94–101.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gigerenzer, G., & Gaissmaier, W. (2011). Heuristic decision making. Annual Review Psychology,, 62, 451–482.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Halberstadt, J., & Rhodes, G. (2003). It’s not just average faces that are attractive: Computer-manipulated averageness makes birds, fish, and automobiles attractive. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review,, 10(1), 149–156.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hassin, R., & Trope, Y. (2000). Facing faces: studies on the cognitive aspects of physiognomy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(5), 837–852.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hertel, G., & Fiedler, K. (1994). Affective and cognitive influences in social dilemma game. European Journal of Social Psychology, 24(1), 131–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hertel, G., Neuhof, J., Theuer, T., & Kerr, N. L. (2000). Mood effects on cooperation in small groups: Does positive mood simply lead to more cooperation? Cognition & Emotion,, 14(4), 441–472.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huntsinger, J. R., Isbell, L. M., & Clore, G. L. (2014). The affective control of thought: malleable, not fixed. Psychological Review, 121(4), 600–618.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Isen, A. M., & Baron, R. A. (1991). Positive affect as a factor in organizational-behavior. Research in Organizational Behavior, 13, 1–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krauth-Gruber, S., & Ric, F. (2000). Affect and stereotypic thinking: a test of the mood-and-general-knowledge model. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(12), 1587–1597.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kugler, T., Bornstein, G., Kocher, M. G., & Sutter, M. (2007). Trust between individuals and groups: groups are less trusting than individuals but just as trustworthy. Journal of Economic Psychology, 28(6), 646–657.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewicki, R. J., Tomlinson, E. C., & Gillespie, N. (2006). Models of interpersonal trust development: theoretical approaches, empirical evidence, and future directions. Journal of Management, 32(6), 991–1022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Little, A. C., Robert, S. C., Jones, B. C., & DeBruine, L. M. (2012). The perception of attractiveness and trustworthiness in male faces affects hypothetical voting decision differently in wartime and peacetime scenarios. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(10), 2018–2032.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lount Jr., & Robert, B. (2010). The impact of positive mood on trust in interpersonal and intergroup interactions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(3), 420–433.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mathes, E. W., & Kozak, G. (2008). The exchange of physical attractiveness for resource potential and commitment. Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, 6(1), 43–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, J. D., Gaschke, Y. N., Braverman, D. L., & Evans, T. W. (1992). Mood-congruent judgment is a general effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(1), 119–132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McFarland, C., & Buehler, R. (2012). Negative moods and the motivated remembering of past selves: the role of implicit theories of personal stability. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102, 242–263.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mobius, M. M., & Rosenblat, T. S. (2006). Why beauty matters. The American Economic Review,, 222–235.

  • Noseworthy, T. J., Cotte, J., & Lee, S. H. M. (2011). The effects of ad context and gender on the identification of visually incongruent products. Journal of Consumer Research, 38(2), 358–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Doherty, J., Winston, J., Critchley, H., Perrett, D., Burt, D. M., & Dolan, R. J. (2003). Beauty in a smile: the role of medial orbitofrontal cortex in facial attractiveness. Neuropsychologia, 41(2), 147–155.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ottati, V. C., & Deiger, M. (2002). Visual cues and the candidate evaluation process. In The social psychology of politics (pp. 75–87). Springer US.

  • Penton-Voak, I. S., & Perrett, D. I. (2000). Female preference for male faces changes cyclically: further evidence. Evolution and Human Behavior, 21(1), 39–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penton-Voak, I. S., Pound, N., Little, A. C., & Perrett, D. (2005). Personality judgments from natural and composite facial images: More evidence for a ‘kernel of truth’ in social perception. Social Cognition, 24(5), 607–640.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pillutla, M. M., Malhotra, D., & Murnighan, J. K. (2003). Attributions of trust and the calculus of reciprocity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39(5), 448–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raghunathan, R., Pham, M. T., & Corfman, K. P. (2006). Informational properties of anxiety and sadness, and displaced coping. Journal of Consumer Research, 32(4), 596–601.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rempel, J. K., Holmes, J. G., & Zanna, M. P. (1985). Trust in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(1), 95–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhodes G. (2006). The evolutionary psychology of facial beauty. Annual Review of Psychology, 57(1), 199–226.

  • Rhodes, G., Yoshikawa, S., Clark, A., Lee, k., McKay, R., & Akamatsu, S. (2001). Attractiveness of facial averageness and symmetry in non-western cultures: In search of biologically based standards of beauty. Perception, 30, 611–625.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz, N. (1990). Feelings as information: informational and motivational functions of affective states. Guilford Press.

  • Schwarz, N. (2007). Attitude construction: evaluation in context. Social Cognition, 25(5), 638–656.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C. A., & Ellsworth, P. C. (1985). Patterns of cognitive appraisal in emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 813–838.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, S. W., Atkin, C. K., Martell, D., Allen, R., & Hembroff, L. (2006). A social judgment theory approach to conducting formative research in a social norms campaign. Communication Theory, 16(1), 141–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stepanova, E. V., & Strube, M. J. (2009). Making of a face: role of facial physiognomy, skin tone, and color presentation mode in evaluations of racial typicality. The Journal of Social Psychology, 149(1), 66–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stirrat, M., & Perrett, D. I. (2010). Valid facial cues to cooperation and trust: male facial width and trustworthiness. Psychological Science, 21(3), 349–354.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, C., Yamagishi, T., Tanida, S., Kiyonari, T., & Kanazawa, S. (2006). Attractiveness and cooperation in social exchange. Evolutionary Psychology, 4, 315–329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Todorov, A., Pakrashi, M., & Oosterhof, N. N. (2009). Evaluating faces on trustworthiness after minimal time exposure. Social Cognition, 27(6), 813–833.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verplaetse, J., Vanneste, S., & Braeckman, J. (2007). You can judge a book by its cover: a kernel of truth in predictive cheating detection. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28(4), 260–271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weber, J. M., Malhotra, D., & Murnighan, J. K. (2004). Normal acts of irrational trust: motivated attributions and the trust development process. Research in Organizational Behavior, 26, 75–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, R. K., & Eckel, C. C. (2006). Judging a book by its cover: Beauty and expectations in the trust game. Political Research Quarterly,, 59, 189–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamagishi, T., Kanazawa, S., Mashima, R., & Terai, S. (2005). Separating trust from cooperation in a dynamic relationship prisoner’s dilemma with variable dependence. Rationality and Society, 17(3), 275–308.

  • Zaatari, D., & Trivers, R. (2007). Fluctuating asymmetry and behavior in the ultimatum game in Jamaica. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28(4), 223–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zebrowitz, L. A., & Montepare, J. M. (1992). Impressions of baby faced individuals across the life span. Developmental Psychology, 28, 1143–1143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zebrowitz, L. A., Voinescu, L., & Collins, M. A. (1996). “Wide-eyed” and “crooked-faced”: Determinants of perceived and real honesty across the life span. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 1258–1269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Na Zhao.

Ethics declarations

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the local ethics committee (Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Conflict of Interest

Both of the authors have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

The original version of this article was revised: The name of the second author was incorrectly listed as Mamin, when it is actually Min Ma.

An erratum to this article is available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9528-x.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhao, N., Ma, M. & Zhang, J. Going beyond the Beauty - Trust Link: the Moderating Role of Mood. Curr Psychol 36, 927–935 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9481-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9481-8

Keywords

Navigation