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Multifaceted role of keratins in epithelial cell differentiation and transformation

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Abstract

Keratins, the epithelial-predominant members of the intermediate filament superfamily, are expressed in a pairwise, tissue-specific and differentiation-dependent manner. There are 28 type I and 26 type II keratins, which share a common structure comprising a central coiled coil α-helical rod domain flanked by two nonhelical head and tail domains. These domains harbor sites for major posttranslational modifications like phosphorylation and glycosylation, which govern keratin function and dynamics. Apart from providing structural support, keratins regulate various signaling machinery involved in cell growth, motility, apoptosis etc. However, tissue-specific functions of keratins in relation to cell proliferation and differentiation are still emerging. Altered keratin expression pattern during and after malignant transformation is reported to modulate different signaling pathways involved in tumor progression in a context-dependent fashion. The current review focuses on the literature related to the role of keratins in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation in different types of epithelia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India

    Crismita Dmello, Saumya S Srivastava, Richa Tiwari, Pratik R Chaudhari, Sharada Sawant & Milind M Vaidya

  2. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400085, India

    Crismita Dmello, Richa Tiwari, Pratik R Chaudhari, Sharada Sawant & Milind M Vaidya

Authors
  1. Crismita Dmello
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  2. Saumya S Srivastava
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  3. Richa Tiwari
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  4. Pratik R Chaudhari
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  5. Sharada Sawant
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  6. Milind M Vaidya
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Milind M Vaidya.

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Communicated by Veena K Parnaik.

Corresponding editor: Veena K Parnaik

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Dmello, C., Srivastava, S.S., Tiwari, R. et al. Multifaceted role of keratins in epithelial cell differentiation and transformation. J Biosci 44, 33 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-019-9864-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-019-9864-8

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