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Effects of PACAP on Dry Eye Symptoms, and Possible Use for Therapeutic Application

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Abstract

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a 27- or 38-amino acid neuropeptide, which belongs to the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide/glucagon/secretin family of peptides. PACAP and its three receptor subtypes are expressed in neural tissues and in the eye, including the retina, cornea, and lacrimal gland. PACAP is known to exert pleiotropic effects on the central nervous system and in eye tissues where it plays important roles in protecting against dry eye. This review provides an overview of current knowledge regarding dry eye symptoms in aged animals and humans and the protective effects, mechanisms of action. In addition, we also refer to the development of a new preventive/therapeutic method by PACAP of dry eye patients.

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Acknowledgments

We are indebted to co-researchers for assistance, especially to Drs. Dora Reglodi of Pecs University, Hitoshi Hashimoto of Osaka University, Rakwal Randeep of Tsukuba University and Ms. Junko Shibato of Hoshi University for the research described in this review paper.

Funding

This work was supported by the JSPS KAKENHI grant numbers 2459280, 2459268, 23249079, 15K15670, 16H02684, and 15H01288.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Global Research Center for Innovative Life Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan

    Seiji Shioda, Fumiko Takenoya, Takahiro Hirabayashi & Nobuhiro Wada

  2. Department of Anatomy and Ophthalmology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan

    Tamotsu Seki

  3. Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan

    Naoko Nonaka

  4. Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan

    Tomoya Nakamachi

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  1. Seiji Shioda
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  2. Fumiko Takenoya
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  3. Takahiro Hirabayashi
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  4. Nobuhiro Wada
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  5. Tamotsu Seki
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  7. Tomoya Nakamachi
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Correspondence to Seiji Shioda.

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Shioda, S., Takenoya, F., Hirabayashi, T. et al. Effects of PACAP on Dry Eye Symptoms, and Possible Use for Therapeutic Application. J Mol Neurosci 68, 420–426 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-018-1087-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-018-1087-1

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