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Soluble Biomarkers of Cognition and Depression in Adults with HIV Infection in the Combination Therapy Era

  • Central Nervous System and Cognition (S Spudich, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Cognitive impairment and depression continue to be common among people with HIV (PWH) in the combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. A better understanding of the biological mechanisms that may underpin these disorders is needed. The purpose of this review is to describe published findings on soluble biomarkers from blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that have been associated with either cognition or depression among PWH in the setting of ART.

Recent Findings

Several biomarkers, including those that reflect viral persistence, monocyte/macrophage activation, and other processes, are associated with cognition and depressive symptoms. Some but not all results have been consistent across multiple studies. More research has been published on biomarkers of cognition relative to biomarkers of depression (particularly from CSF).

Summary

More studies are needed that investigate multiple biomarkers to understand the role of distinct but additive pathways in these disorders and to guide the development of new therapies. 

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Acknowledgements

The authors also gratefully acknowledge funding from the following sources: R21 MH118092, R01 AG062387 (Principal Investigator: A. Anderson) and P30AI050409 (Emory Center for AIDS Research).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 341 Ponce de Leon Avenue, Atlanta, GA, 30308, USA

    Albert M. Anderson

  2. University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA

    Qing Ma

  3. Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Scott L. Letendre & Jennifer Iudicello

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  1. Albert M. Anderson
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Correspondence to Albert M. Anderson.

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Anderson, A.M., Ma, Q., Letendre, S.L. et al. Soluble Biomarkers of Cognition and Depression in Adults with HIV Infection in the Combination Therapy Era. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 18, 558–568 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-021-00581-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-021-00581-y

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