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Venous Thromboembolism and Cancer

  • Cardio-Oncology (SA Francis and RB Morgan, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review aims to summarize the epidemiology, current pathophysiologic understanding, and state-of-the-art treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients.

Recent Findings

The risk of VTE varies among cancer patients. Recently introduced prediction models better identify those at high risk of VTE. New mechanisms underlying hypercoagulability in cancer have been uncovered. Initial data on the efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) compared with low-molecular weight heparin to treat VTE in patients with cancer are promising. However, they may be associated with higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Summary

VTE causes significant morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Our understanding of the mechanisms of VTE, including those associated with cancer treatments, has significantly grown. The assessment of the benefit/risk balance of VTE treatment remains challenging in many patients with cancer. The introduction of DOACs has expanded treatment options, but knowledge on their efficacy and safety is incomplete.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Brigham & Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St. AB378, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Alec A. Schmaier & Umberto Campia

  2. Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, 4802 10th Ave, Brooklyn, NY, 11219, USA

    Paurush Ambesh

Authors
  1. Alec A. Schmaier
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  2. Paurush Ambesh
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  3. Umberto Campia
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Correspondence to Umberto Campia.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Cardio-Oncology

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Schmaier, A.A., Ambesh, P. & Campia, U. Venous Thromboembolism and Cancer. Curr Cardiol Rep 20, 89 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-018-1034-3

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