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New spinal robotic technologies

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Abstract

Robotic systems in surgery have developed rapidly. Installations of the da Vinci Surgical System® (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA), widely used in urological and gynecological procedures, have nearly doubled in the United States from 2010 to 2017. Robotics systems in spine surgery have been adopted more slowly; however, users are enthusiastic about their applications in this subspecialty. Spinal surgery often requires fine manipulation of vital structures that must be accessed via limited surgical corridors and can require repetitive tasks over lengthy periods of time — issues for which robotic assistance is well-positioned to complement human ability. To date, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved 7 robotic systems across 4 companies for use in spinal surgery. The available clinical data evaluating their efficacy have generally demonstrated these systems to be accurate and safe. A critical next step in the broader adoption of surgical robotics in spine surgery is the design and implementation of rigorous comparative studies to interrogate the utility of robotic assistance. Here we discuss current applications of robotics in spine surgery, review robotic systems FDA-approved for use in spine surgery, summarize randomized controlled trials involving robotics in spine surgery, and comment on prospects of robotic-assisted spine surgery.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Bowen Jiang, Ethan Cottrill, Corinna C. Zygourakis, Alex M. Zhu & Nicholas Theodore

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Tej D. Azad

  3. Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA, 19403, USA

    Neil Crawford

Authors
  1. Bowen Jiang
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  2. Tej D. Azad
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  3. Ethan Cottrill
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  4. Corinna C. Zygourakis
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  5. Alex M. Zhu
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  6. Neil Crawford
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  7. Nicholas Theodore
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicholas Theodore.

Ethics declarations

The Excelsius GPS™ robot described in this presentation was invented by Drs. Theodore and Crawford and is manufactured by Globus Medical. They are both entitled to royalty payments on sales of the robot. Dr. Theodore is also a paid consultant to Globus Medical and owns Globus Medical stock. Dr. Crawford is an employee of Globus Medical.

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Jiang, B., Azad, T.D., Cottrill, E. et al. New spinal robotic technologies. Front. Med. 13, 723–729 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-019-0716-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-019-0716-6

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