Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils is a prevalent environmental issue and poses potential threats to food security. Foliar ascorbic acid might prove a potent tool to alleviate toxicity of Cd toxicity in maize. An experiment was conducted with objectives to study exogenous ascorbic acid–modulated improvements in physiochemical attributes of maize under Cd toxicity. The experiment was conducted under completely randomized design. Treatments were comprised of varying concentrations of foliar ascorbic acid viz. 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mM of AsA. Toxicity of Cd decreased the maize growth, increased lipid peroxidation, disturbed protein metabolism, and reduced the antioxidant defense capabilities compared with the control. However, foliar AsA significantly improved maize growth and development, photosynthetic capabilities, and protein concentrations in Cd-stressed maize plants. Meanwhile, the malondialdehyde contents and hydrogen peroxide accumulation levels in Cd-stressed maize plants decreased remarkably with increasing AsA concentrations. Furthermore, the combined treatments conspicuously boosted activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase under the Cd stress alone. In addition, the application of AsA reduced the Cd uptake by 10.3–12.3% in grains. Conclusively, foliar ascorbic acid alleviated the negative effects of Cd stress in maize and improved photosynthetic processes, osmolytes, and antioxidant defense systems.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank Dr. Meichun Duan, Dr. Sai Zhang, and Yi Xing of Southwest University for supporting the analytical work, and also thank Shakeel Ahmad Anjum from the Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan, for the critical revision of the manuscript.
Funding
This research was financially supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201503127) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271673, 31871583).
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Zhang, K., Wang, G., Bao, M. et al. Exogenous application of ascorbic acid mitigates cadmium toxicity and uptake in Maize (Zea mays L.). Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 19261–19271 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05265-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05265-0