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3, 5-Di-tert-butylphenol combat against Streptococcus mutans by impeding acidogenicity, acidurance and biofilm formation

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Abstract

Streptococcus mutans is a common pathogen present in the oral cavity and it causes dental caries for all aged groups of people, in particular, children. S. mutans have several virulence factors such as acidogenecity, aciduricity, adhesion and biofilm formation. These virulence factors are working together and lead to the development of caries in the tooth surface. The present study aimed to investigate the anticariogenic potential of 3, 5-di-tert-butylphenol (3, 5-DTBP) against S. mutans. 3, 5-DTBP biofilm inhibitory concentration (BIC) was found at 100 µg/ml concentration without any lethal effect on the growth. Moreover, 3, 5-DTBP significantly reduced water soluble and water insoluble glucans production, in concurrence with downregulation of gtfBC genes. Moreover, acidogenicity associated virulence factors such as lactate dehydrogenase and enolase enzymatic production was arrested upon 3, 5-DTBP treatment. In addition, 3, 5-DTBP greatly reduced acidtolerance ability through impedes of F1F0-ATPase. Gene expression analysis unveiled the downregulation of gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, vicRK, comDE, gbpB, smu0630 and relA upon 3, 5-DTBP treatment. The present study paves the way for exhibiting 3, 5-DTBP as a promising therapeutic agent to control S. mutans infections.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully thank Dr. G. Ashwinkumar Subramenium for support in discussing and fulfilling the work. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of advanced study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608502, India

    Karuppiah Vijayakumar

  2. PAR life sciences and research private limited, Woraiyur, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, 620003, India

    Karuppiah Vijayakumar & Seralathan MuhilVannan

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  1. Karuppiah Vijayakumar
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  2. Seralathan MuhilVannan
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KV Conceptualization of whole work, performed the experiments, data analyzed and co-wrote the manuscript. SM Co-wrote the manuscript,performed the experiments and data analyzed.

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Correspondence to Karuppiah Vijayakumar.

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Vijayakumar, K., MuhilVannan, S. 3, 5-Di-tert-butylphenol combat against Streptococcus mutans by impeding acidogenicity, acidurance and biofilm formation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 37, 202 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-021-03165-5

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