Abstract
Nasal granuloma in cattle results from inflammation within, and attendant proliferation of, the nasal mucosa possibly in response to an allergic response. However, the relationship between nasal granuloma and allergies remains unclear. Furthermore, severe cases have a poor prognosis because there is currently no effective treatment. Herein, we report three cases of nasal granuloma with severe stertorous breathing that were treated surgically. We also conducted an allergological exploration. Following surgical removal clinical signs did not recur in two of the three cases; however, stertorous breathing persisted in one case, and the cow was sacrificed 4 months later. A histopathological examination revealed that all nasal granulomas featured varying infiltrations of macrophages eosinophils, mast cells, and lymphocytes. The number of mast cells and the proportion of these cells that had degranulated were significantly higher in the granulomas than in normal nasal mucosae. In addition, serum histamine levels were higher in nasal granuloma cases than in normal cows, although serum immunoglobulin E levels were similar, and lymphocyte infiltration in the submucosal layer suggested type I and type IV allergies. Collectively, the results indicate the efficacy of complete surgical curettage for the treatment of allergic nasal granuloma in cattle. Further studies are required to identify the causes and risk factors of allergic nasal granuloma in cows.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.
References
Angelo P, Alessandro S, Noemi R, Giuliano B, Filippo S, Marco P (2009) An atypical case of respiratory actinobacillosis in a cow. J Vet Sci 10(3):265. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2009.10.3.265
Carbonell PL (1979) Bovine nasal granuloma: gross microscopic lesions. Vet Pathol 16(1):60–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/030098587901600106
Conti Díaz IA, Vargas R, Apolo A, Moraña JA, Pedrana G, Cardozo E, Almeida E (2003) Mycotic bovine nasal granuloma. Revista do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De São Paulo 45:163–166
Duarte RP, Rocha PRD, Schweigert A, Morelli FCG, Machado GF (2015) Nasal polyposis in a cow. Braz J Vet Pathol 8(03):102–106
Landin MD, Guerrón AD (2020) Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection. Surg Clin North Am 100(6):1069–1078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suc.2020.07.004
Pemberton DH, White WE, Hore DE (1977) Bovine nasal granuloma (atopic rhinitis) in victoria experimental reproduction by the production of immediate type hypersensitivity in the nasal mucosa. Aust Vet J 53(5):201–207
Penrith ML, Van Der Lugt JJ, Henton Maryke M, Botha JA, Stroebel JC (1994) A review of mycotic nasal granuloma in cattle, with a report on three cases. JS Afr Vet Assoc 65(4):179–183
Rings DM, Rojko J (1985) Naturally occurring nasal obstructions in 11 sheep. Cornell Vet 75(2):269–276
Shibahara T, Mitarai Y, Ishikawa Y, Sato M, Kadota K (2001) Bovine nasal eosinophilic granuloma with blood eosinophilia caused by Nocardia species. Aust Vet J 79(5):363–365
Singh K, Boileau MJ, Streeter RN, Welsh RD, Meier WA, Ritchey JW (2007) Granulomatous and eosinophilic rhinitis in a cow caused by Pseudallescheria boydii species complex (Anamorph Scedosporium apiospermum). Vet Pathol 44(6):917–920. https://doi.org/10.1354/vp.44-6
Ta NH (2019) Will we ever cure nasal polyps? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 101(1):35–39. https://doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2018.0149
Wilkins PA, Lascola KM, Woolums AR, Bedenice D, Giguère S, Boyle AG, Grissett GP (2020) • Chap. 31 - Diseases of the Respiratory System. In B. P. Smith DC Van Metre & N. Pusterla (Eds.) Large Animal Internal Medicine, (Sixth Edition). St. Louis (MO): Mosby, pp. 515–701.e542
Funding
The authors did not receive support from any organization for this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Conceptualization: S.S., C.K., F.T., and H.K.; Methodology: S.S, R.A, H.K.O., T.N., Y.H., ,C.K., Y.M., C.H.P., F.T., and H.K.; Data curation: S.S, T.N, H.K.O, and H.K.; Formal analysis and investigation: R.A, H.K.O., T.N., C.H.P., and H.K.; Supervision: F.T., and H.K.; Project administration: F.T., and H.K.; Statistical analysis: H.K.O., H.K.; Literature collection: S.S., C.K. T.N., Y.H. H.K.O., and H.K.; Writing-original draft preparation: S.S., C.K., H.K.O., and H.K.; Writing-review and editing: S.S., C.K., H.K.O., Y.M., F.T., and H.K. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval
The cases were sampled and all examinations were performed for clinical reasons. Ethical requirements have been met concerning the humane treatment of animals. Informed consent was obtained from the owners to use the clinical data for research purposes. No additional ethical approval was required.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Sato, S., Kanno, C., Ando, R. et al. Surgical treatment of bovine nasal granuloma and an allergological exploration. Vet Res Commun (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10343-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10343-x