Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Biomass-based carbon beads with a tailored hierarchical structure and surface chemistry for efficient batch and column uptake of methylene blue

  • Published:
Research on Chemical Intermediates Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

There is interest in cultivating an economic and controllable method for preparing biomass-based adsorptive materials for efficient removal of dyes from water. Herein a new bead-like material, i.e. alginate-derived carbon beads with a tailored hierarchical structure and surface chemistry, was prepared by using CaCO3-encapsulated calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel beads as the starting material and subsequent controllable carbonization and oxidation treatment. The resultant samples were characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, N2 sorption and XRD, etc. Analyses showed that hierarchical carbon beads with a tailored density of oxygen-containing functional groups have been successfully prepared. Adsorption of methylene blue (MB) was studied systematically through batch and column adsorption analyses, and noting the effect of pH, contact time, initial dye concentrations and flow rates. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively; and the maximum adsorption capacity for MB was 397.9 mg/g. The results indicated that CaCO3/CA-ox could not only significantly improve the adsorption capacity but also exhibited a higher adsorption rate for MB compared with CA. Furthermore, compared to traditional powdery materials, this bead-like porous adsorbent is convenient for column adsorption and scale-up for practical applications, due to the easy regeneration and reusability.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Scheme 2
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Y. Zhang, J. Li, X. Cheng, W. Bian, G. Chen, Y. Li, W. Li, Z. Zheng, RSC Adv. 6, 51337 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Q. Du, Y. Zhou, X. Pan, J. Zhang, Q. Zhuo, S. Chen, G. Chen, T. Liu, F. Xu, C. Yan, RSC Adv. 6, 54589 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. M.H. Han, Y.S. Yun, Biochem. Eng. J. 36, 2 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. H. Deng, J.J. Lu, G.X. Li, G.L. Zhang, X.G. Wang, Chem. Eng. J. 172, 326 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Yadav, S. Mukherji, A. Garg, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 52, 10063 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S. Cheng, D.L. Oatley, P.M. Williams, C.J. Wright, Water Res. 46, 33 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. S.J. Deng, H.J. Xu, X.S. Jiang, J. Yin, Macromol. 46, 2399 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. B. Li, Y.C. Dong, C. Zou, Y.M. Xu, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53, 4199 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. H.Y. Wu, F.K. Shieh, H.M. Kao, Y.W. Chen, J.R. Deka, S.H. Liao, K.C.W. Wu, Chem. Eur. J. 19, 6358 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Z.J. Wu, Y. Xiong, G.Q. Guan, L.J. Kong, S.H. Tian, RSC Adv. 4, 55256 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Pourjavadi, M. Nazari, B. Kabiri, S.H. Hosseini, C. Bennett, RSC Adv. 6, 10430 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. J.L. Lv, S.R. Zhai, Z.Z. Wang, Z.M. Lei, Q.D. An, Res. Chem. Intermed. 42, 839 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. S.S. Ashour, J. Saudi Chem. Sco. 14, 47 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Y. Zhuang, F. Yu, H. Chen, J. Zheng, J. Ma, J.H. Chen, J. Mater. Chem. A 4, 10885 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. L. Lin, S.R. Zhai, Z.Y. Xiao, Y. Song, Q.D. An, X.W. Song, Bioresour. Technol. 136, 437 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. K.Y. Foo, B.H. Hameed, Chem. Eng. J. 173, 385 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. B.H. Hameed, A.T.M. Din, A.L. Ahmad, J. Hazard. Mater. 141, 819 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Y. Chen, S.R. Zhai, N. Liu, Y. Song, Q.D. An, X.W. Song, Bioresour. Technol. 144, 401 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. L. Liu, X.F. Yang, N. Ma, H.T. Liu, Y.Z. Xia, C.M. Chen, D.J. Yang, X.D. Yao, Small 12, 1295 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Z.G. Jia, Z.Y. Li, S.B. Li, Y.H. Li, R.S. Zhu, J. Mol. Liq. 220, 56 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. D.H. Li, C.X. Lv, L. Liu, Y.Z. Xia, X.L. She, S.J. Guo, D.J. Yang, ACS Central Sci. 1, 261 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. W. Zhao, P. Yuan, X.L. She, Y.Z. Xia, S. Komarneni, K. Xi, Y.K. Che, X.D. Yao, D.J. Yang, J. Mater. Chem. A 3, 14188 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. S.K. Papageorgiou, E.P. Favvas, A.A. Sapalidis, G.E. Romanos, F.K. Katsaros, J. Hazard. Mater. 189, 384 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Z.M. Lei, S.R. Zhai, J.L. Lv, Y. Fan, Q.D. An, Z.Y. Xiao, RSC Adv. 5, 77932 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. W. Zheng, Q.D. An, Z.M. Lei, Z.Y. Xiao, S.R. Zhai, Q.M. Liu, RSC Adv. 6, 104897 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Z.M. Lei, Q.D. An, Y. Fan, J.L. Lv, C. Gao, S.R. Zhai, Z.Y. Xiao, New J. Chem. 40, 1195 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. L.B. Sun, Y.H. Kang, Y.Q. Shi, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 3, 3077 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. L.B. Sun, A.G. Li, X.D. Liu, J. Mater. Chem. A 3(7), 3252 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Y. Wang, S. Pleasant, P. Jain, J. Powell, T. Townsend, Waste Manag. (Oxford) 53, 128 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. P. Chingombe, B. Saha, R.J. Wakeman, Carbon 43, 3132 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. A.M. Kern, B. Zierath, T. Fey, B.J.M. Etzold, Chem. Eng. Technol. 39, 715 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. T.Y. Ma, J.R. Ran, S. Dai, M. Jaroniec, S.Z. Qiao, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 54, 4646 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Q. Wang, S.S. Liu, H. Wang, Y.J. Yang, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18, 12610 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. A.S.A. Bakr, Y.M. Moustafa, E.A. Motawea, M.M. Yehia, M.M.H. Khalil, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 3, 1486 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. I. Langmuir, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 40, 1361 (1918)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. U. Freundlich, J. Phys. Chem. 57, 385 (1906)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. R.R. Li, J.Y. Yu, A. Shah, X.L. Dong, Nano 11, 1650013 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. S. Thakur, S. Pandey, O.A. Arotiba, Carbohydr. Polym. 153, 34 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. A. Pettignano, N. Tanchoux, T. Cacciaguerra, T. Vincent, L. Bernardi, E. Guibal, F. Quignard, Carbohydr. Polym. 178, 78 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. C.A.P. Almeida, N.A. Debacher, A.J. Downs, L. Cottet, C.A.D. Mello, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 332, 46 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. S.J. Zeng, R.W. Wang, Z.T. Zhang, S.L. Qiu, RSC Adv. 6, 49551 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. N. Kannan, M.M. Sundaram, Dyes Pigm. 51, 25 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. G. McKay, J.F. Porter, G.R. Prasad, Water Air Soil Pollut. 114, 423 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. B.H. Hameed, J. Hazard. Mater. 162(2), 939 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. M.I. Khan, T.K. Min, K. Azizli, S. Sufian, H. Ullah, Z. Man, RSC Adv. 5, 61410 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Y.H. Li, Q.J. Du, T.H. Liu, J.K. Sun, Y.H. Wang, S.L. Wu, Z.H. Wang, Y.Z. Xia, L.H. Xia, Carbohydr. Polym. 95, 501 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. L.Z. Bai, Z.P. Li, Y. Zhang, T. Wang, R.H. Lu, W.F. Zhou, H.X. Gao, S.B. Zhang, Chem. Eng. J. 279, 757 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. S. Lagergren, K. Sven. Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 24, 1 (1898)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Y.S. Ho, G. McKay, Process Biochem. 34, 451 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. L.M. Cui, Y.G. Wang, L.H. Hu, L. Gao, B. Du, Q. Wei, RSC Adv. 5, 9759 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Y.Q. Gan, N. Tian, X.K. Tian, L.L. Ma, W.W. Wang, C. Yang, Z.X. Zhou, Y.X. Wang, J. Porous Mater. 22, 147 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. M. Doğan, H. Abak, M. Alkan, J. Hazard. Mater. 164, 172 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. S. Stankovich, D.A. Dikin, R.D. Piner, K.A. Kohlhaas, A. Kleinhammes, Y.Y. Jia, Y. Wu, S.T. Nguyen, R.S. Ruoff, Carbon 45, 1558 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. R.J. Waltman, J. Pacansky, C.W. Bates Jr., Chem. Mater. 5, 1799 (1993)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. H.C. Thomas, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 66, 1664 (1944)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. G.S. Bohart, E.Q. Adams, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 42, 523 (1920)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Y.H. Yoon, J.H. Nelson, Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 45, 509 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. M. Jain, V.K. Garg, K. Kadirvelu, M. Sillanpää, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 54, 1419 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Y.Y. Ge, X.M. Cui, C.L. Liao, Z.L. Li, Chem. Eng. J. 311, 126 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21446001, 21676039), the Program for Liaoning Innovative Research Team in University (LT2013012) and the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University (LJQ2014056) is highly appreciated.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, People’s Republic of China

    Yan-yan Pei, Qing-da An, Zuo-yi Xiao, Shang-ru Zhai & Bin Zhai

Authors
  1. Yan-yan Pei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Qing-da An
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Zuo-yi Xiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Shang-ru Zhai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Bin Zhai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Qing-da An.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 371 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Pei, Yy., An, Qd., Xiao, Zy. et al. Biomass-based carbon beads with a tailored hierarchical structure and surface chemistry for efficient batch and column uptake of methylene blue. Res Chem Intermed 44, 2867–2887 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-018-3285-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-018-3285-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation