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Nutritional and non-nutritional agents that stimulate white adipose tissue browning

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Abstract

Obesity is a public health problem present in both developed and developing countries. The white adipose tissue (WAT) is the main deposit of lipids when there is an excess of energy. Its pathological growth is directly linked to the development of obesity and to a wide number of comorbidities, such as insulin-resistance, cardiovascular disease, among others. In this scenario, it becomes imperative to develop new approaches to the treatment and prevention of obesity and its comorbidities. It has been documented that the browning of WAT could be a suitable strategy to tackle the obesity epidemic that is developing worldwide. Currently there is an intense search for bioactive compounds with anti-obesity properties, which present the particular ability to generate thermogenesis in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) or beige. The present study provide recent information of the bioactive nutritional compounds capable of inducing thermogenesis and therefore capable of generate positive effects on health.

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Abbreviations

AC:

Adenylate Cyclase (AC)

ALA:

Alpha-linolenic acid

cAMP:

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

AR-β3:

β3 adrenergic receptor

ARA:

Arachidonic acid

ATF2:

Activating Transcription Factor 2

BAT:

Brown Adipose Tissue

BC:

β-carotene

CNS:

Central Nervous System

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

DIO2:

Type II iodothyronine deiodinase

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid

EGCG:

Epigallocatechin gallate

FX:

Fucoxanthin

18FDG PET/CT:

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography

LCPUFA:

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

MC4R:

Melanocortin-4 receptor

NE:

Norepinephrine

PGC1α:

Peroxisome proliferation-activation receptor and coactivator 1α

PPARα:

Receptor activado por proliferador de peroxisoma α

PRDM16:

PR domain zinc finger protein 16

RA:

Retinoic acid

Rald:

Retinaldehyde

RMR:

Resting metabolic rate

RXR:

Retinoid X Receptor

SAs:

Alkaloids of synephrine

TLQP-21:

Neuroendocrine VGF-derived peptide

UCP-1:

Uncoupling protein 1

VGF:

Nerve growth factor inducible

WAT:

White Adipose Tissue

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Funding

This study was funded by Fondecyt Project (1171550); CONICYT, Chile.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    F. Concha, J. Quezada, A. Ramirez, L. Duarte-Silva & Diego F. Garcia-Diaz

  2. Escuela de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    G. Prado, N. Bravo, C. Flores, J. J. Herrera, N. Lopez & D. Uribe

  3. Centro de Investigacion Biomedica, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    P. Lopez-Legarrea

Authors
  1. F. Concha
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  2. G. Prado
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  3. J. Quezada
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  4. A. Ramirez
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  5. N. Bravo
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  6. C. Flores
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  7. J. J. Herrera
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  8. N. Lopez
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  9. D. Uribe
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  10. L. Duarte-Silva
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  11. P. Lopez-Legarrea
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  12. Diego F. Garcia-Diaz
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Correspondence to Diego F. Garcia-Diaz.

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Concha, F., Prado, G., Quezada, J. et al. Nutritional and non-nutritional agents that stimulate white adipose tissue browning. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 20, 161–171 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-019-09495-y

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