Abstract
In recent decades, the development of sciences and technologies had a significant impact in society. This impact has been object of analysis from several standpoints, i.e., scientific, communication, historical and anthropological. Consequently, serious changes were required by the society. One of these has been the emerging relationship science in society and its foundations of applied sciences. A related foundational challenging is the educational process, which was and still is an unlimited challenge for teachers and professors: i.e., levels of understanding, curricula, activing critical engagement, transfer knowledge—and—skills, management, classroom and subsequently pre-service teachers need special teacher education. Taking into account Joule’s bicentenary commemoration in physics and Nature of Science teaching (NoS) this paper introduces to a level of inquiring within historical and NoS approaches in the pre-service teachers, typically science, technology, engineering and mathematics. In particular, history and historiography of Joule’s physics (e.g., his arguments on electric–magnetic engine, mechanical equivalent of heat and free expansion) are dealt with.
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For example see: Tartaglia (1499?–1557; Pisano 2019), Robert Boyle (1627–1691), Isaac Newton (1643–1727; Pisano and Bussotti 2016), Joseph Black (1728–1799), Antoine Lavoisier (1743–1794), Pierre–Simon Laplace (1749–1827; Siméon–Denis Poisson (1781–1840; Poisson 1823), Joseph Gay–Lussac (1778–1850), Sadi Carnot (1796–1832; Carnot 1778, 1780, 1786, §§ 149–160; Gillispie and Pisano; Pisano et al. 2020; Pisano 2003, 2017; Carnot 1797, 1803a, b), Émile Clapeyron (1799–1864; Clapeyron 1834), Jean Charles Peltier (1785–1845), Ferdinand Reech (1805–1884; Reech 1853; Gillispie and Pisano 2014, chap. pp. 9–10), James Prescott Joule (1818–1889), William Thomson–Lord Kelvin (1824–1907; Thomson 1848–1849, 1851a, b, 1882–1911) and even later with Gustave Kirchhoff (1824–1887), James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879; Pisano and Marmottini 2017; Pisano 2013a, b), Rudolf Clausius (1822–1888; see Clausius 1850), Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906), Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928), Max Planck (1858–1947).
[…] des volumes égaux de tous les fluides élastiques pris à une même température et sous une même pression, étant comprimés ou dilaté subitement d’une même fraction de leur volume, dégagent ou absorbent la même QUANTITE ABSOLUE DE CHALEUR; […] (Sturm and De Claubry 1830, p. 211; Author's Capital letters; Our translation).
We recall that some years later, 1824, Sadi Carnot had the same problem in calculating his efficiency of a heat machine (Carnot 1978, ft. 1, pp. 73–79; Pisano 2010; see also Reuleaux 1876). For a detailed and complete explanation of Carnot's footnote see Gillispie and Pisano (2014, chap. 9; Reuleaux).
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We express our appreciation—and—pleasant gratitude to peer review referees who helped us to improve this paper and to the involved libraries. From Slovenian side (Ploj Virtič and Dolenc) their research has been supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (Grant No. P1-0403), as well.
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Pisano, R., Vincent, P., Dolenc, K. et al. Historical Foundations of Physics & Applied Technology as Dynamic Frameworks in Pre-Service STEM. Found Sci 26, 727–756 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10699-020-09662-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10699-020-09662-4