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A Scoping Review of Employment and HIV

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Abstract

Employment is a social determinant of health that is important for understanding health behaviors, health outcomes and HIV transmission among people living with HIV. This study is a scoping review of the literature that addresses (a) the relationship between employment and the HIV continuum of care, (b) determinants of employment among PLWH and (c) experiences with employment. We searched two databases, PubMed and Embase, and identified a total of 5622 articles that were subjected to title and abstract review. Of these, 5387 were excluded, leaving 235 articles for full-text review. A total of 66 articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The literature suggests that employment status is positively associated with HIV testing, linkage to HIV care, retention in HIV care, and HIV medication adherence. Guided by a social-ecological framework, we identified determinants of employment at the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels that are amenable to public health intervention. Experiences with employment, including barriers, facilitators, advantages, disadvantages, and needs, provide additional insight for future research and programs.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Maulsby was supported by the following grant from National Institutes of Mental Health: 5K01-MH111388. The authors would like to recognize and thank the members of the Exert Advisory Panel for their contributions to this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Catherine H. Maulsby, Aneeka Ratnayake & Carl A. Latkin

  2. Welch Medical Library, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Donna Hesson

  3. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Michael J. Mugavero

  4. Department of Health Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N Broadway, Rm. 904C, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA

    Catherine H. Maulsby

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  1. Catherine H. Maulsby
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Maulsby, C.H., Ratnayake, A., Hesson, D. et al. A Scoping Review of Employment and HIV. AIDS Behav 24, 2942–2955 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02845-x

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