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Emerging Concepts and Tools in Cell Mechanomemory

  • S.I. : Biomaterials - Engineering Cell Behavior
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Abstract

Studying a cell’s ability to sense and respond to mechanical cues has emerged as a field unto itself over the last several decades, and this research area is now populated by engineers and biologists alike. As just one example of this cell mechanosensing, fibroblasts on soft substrates have slower growth rates, smaller spread areas, lower traction forces, and slower migration speeds compared to cells on stiff substrates. This phenomenon is not unique to fibroblasts, as these behaviors, and others, on soft substrates has been shown across a variety of cell types, and reproduced in many different labs. Thus far, the field has focused on discerning the mechanisms of cell mechanosensing through ion channels, focal adhesions and integrin-binding sites to the ECM, and the cell cytoskeleton. A relatively new concept in the field is that of mechanical memory, which refers to persistent effects of mechanical stimuli long after they have been removed from said stimulus. Here, we review this literature, provide an overview of emerging substrate fabrication approaches likely to be helpful for the field, and suggest the adaption of genetic tools for studying mechanical memory.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by an NSF CAREER to SRP (DMR1454806), a Texas 4000 Research Grant to AB and NIH R01 EB014869 to TPL.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Tanmay P. Lele

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

    Amy Brock

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA

    Shelly R. Peyton

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  1. Tanmay P. Lele
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  2. Amy Brock
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  3. Shelly R. Peyton
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Correspondence to Shelly R. Peyton.

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Associate Editor Jennifer West oversaw the review of this article.

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Lele, T.P., Brock, A. & Peyton, S.R. Emerging Concepts and Tools in Cell Mechanomemory. Ann Biomed Eng 48, 2103–2112 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-019-02412-z

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