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The effects of decontamination methods of dental implant surface on cytokine expression analysis in the reconstructive surgical treatment of peri-implantitis

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Abstract

The aim of this trial was to analyze the effect of implant surface decontamination procedures combined with reconstructive surgical treatment (RST) of peri-implantitis on gene expression levels of selected biomarkers in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF). Forty patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis were treated with RST + decontamination of the implant surface using sterile saline and ozone therapy (ozone group) or sterile saline alone (control group). The gene expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-17, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), sclerostin (SOST) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were evaluated by qPCR analysis at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Changes in cytokine mRNA expression levels were analyzed and compared with clinical/radiographic parameters. Both decontamination methods lead to the downregulations of the selected gene expressions. Ozone group showed significantly higher clinical attachment level (CAL) and radiographic defect fill (DF) values at 6 months compared to the control group (p = 0.026 and p = 0.011). The downregulation of SOST levels was significantly associated with probing depth reduction and radiographic DF (p < 0.05). Implant surface decontamination procedures applied with the RST contribute to a notable reduction in immuno-inflammatory response. The additional use of ozone therapy could have favorable effects in anti-infective regimens of peri-implantitis therapy. SOST, which was found to have significant relationship with both clinical and radiographic outcomes, could be a valuable indicator for the progression of peri-implantitis and may aid the development of new therapeutic strategies for bone gain in the RST of peri-implantitis.

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Funding

This study was financially supported by Gazi University Research Board, with project number 03/2017-03.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, 8. Cadde 82. Sokak Emek, 06510, Ankara, Turkey

    Sila Cagri Isler, Fatma Soysal, Gonen Ozcan & Berrin Unsal

  2. Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

    Gülcin Akca

  3. Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Batuhan Bakirarar

Authors
  1. Sila Cagri Isler
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  2. Fatma Soysal
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  3. Gülcin Akca
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  4. Batuhan Bakirarar
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  5. Gonen Ozcan
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  6. Berrin Unsal
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Correspondence to Sila Cagri Isler.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, Ankara, Turkey in accordance with the ethical principles, including Declaration of Helsinki of 1975, as revised in 2013. (Protocol ID: 25901600-2858). The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03018795.

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The patients were informed about the protocol of the study and gave their written consent to the described procedures.

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Isler, S.C., Soysal, F., Akca, G. et al. The effects of decontamination methods of dental implant surface on cytokine expression analysis in the reconstructive surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. Odontology 109, 103–113 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-020-00520-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-020-00520-0

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