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Zero waste management of spent mushroom compost

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Abstract

Edible mushroom are grown commercially using lignocellulosic waste by applying a biological process. However after the harvesting season about 70% of the substrate remain as a spent mushroom compost (SMC). SMC can be the source for retrieving value-added products which support zero waste approach. In this paper, the fate of SMC from agricultural production will be discussed focusing on its utilization. Based on the previous reports, major uses of SMC were in the agricultural field as mushroom media, animal feed, plant compost, fertilizer and others. Extended usage of SMC, i.e., for second cultivation is proposed in this review. In addition, the SMC was also applied in renewable energy production, e.g., feedstock for biogas, bioethanol or biohydrogen.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank to Southeast Asia Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Banos Philippines for financial support and Universiti Putra Malaysia as host university.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 72100, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

    N. A. Umor

  2. Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technologies and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

    S. Ismail

  3. Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia

    S. Abdullah

  4. Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Bintulu Campus, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 97000, Bintulu Sarawak, Malaysia

    M. H. R. Huzaifah

  5. Malaysia–Japan Advanced Research Centre (MJARC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 84600, Pagoh, Malaysia

    N. M. Huzir

  6. School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    N. A. N. Mahmood

  7. Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia

    A. Y. Zahrim

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Umor, N.A., Ismail, S., Abdullah, S. et al. Zero waste management of spent mushroom compost. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 23, 1726–1736 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-021-01250-3

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