Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the gaseous emissions (CH4, N2O, and NH3) and compost quality during the pig manure composting by adding spent mushroom substrate (SMS) as a bulking agent. The control treatment was also studied using corn stalk (CS) as a bulking agent. The experiment was conducted in a pilot scale composting reactor under aerobic condition with the initial C/N ratio of 20. Results showed that bulking agents significantly affected gaseous emissions and compost quality. Using SMS as a bulking agent improved composting efficiency by shortening the time for maturity. SMS increased germination index and humic acid of the final compost (by 13.44 and 41.94%, respectively) compared with CS. Furthermore, composting with SMS as a bulking agent could reduce nitrogen loss, NH3, and N2O emissions (by 13.57, 35.56, and 46.48%, respectively) compared with the control. SMS slightly increased CH4 emission about 1.1 times of the CS. However, a 33.95% decrease in the global warming potential of CH4 and N2O was obtained by adding SMS treatment. These results indicate that SMS is a favorable bulking agent for reducing gaseous emissions and increasing compost quality.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Awasthi MK, Wang Q, Huang H, Li R, Shen F, Lahori AH, Wang P, Guo D, Guo Z, Jiang S, Zhang Z (2016) Effect of biochar amendment on greenhouse gas emission and bio-availability of heavy metals during sewage sludge co-composting. J Clean Prod 135:829–835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.07.008
Bernal MP, Alburquerque JA, Moral R (2009) Composting of animal manures and chemical criteria for compost maturity assessment: a review. Bioresour Technol 100(22):5444–5453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.027
Chatterjee S, Sarma MK, Deb U, Steinhauser G, Walther C, Gupta DK (2017) Mushrooms: from nutrition to mycoremediation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24(24):19480–19493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9826-3
Chefetz B, Heemst JDHV, Chen Y, Romaine CP, Chorover J, Rosario R, Gui MX, Hatcher PG (2000) Organic matter transformations during the weathering process of spent mushroom substrate. J Environ Qual 29(2):592–602. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900020030x
Chowdhury MA, De NA, Jensen LS (2014) Potential of aeration flow rate and bio-char addition to reduce greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions during manure composting. Chemosphere 97:16–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.10.030
Gajalakshmi S, Abbasi SA (2008) Solid waste management by composting: state of the art. Crit Rev Env Sci Technol 38(5):311–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643380701413633
García-Delgado C, Jiménez-Ayuso N, Frutos I, Gárate A, Eymar E (2013) Cadmium and lead bioavailability and their effects on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons biodegradation by spent mushroom substrate. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20(12):8690–8699. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1829-0
Guo R, Li G, Jiang T, Schuchardt F, Chen T, Zhao Y, Shen Y (2012) Effect of aeration rate, C/N ratio and moisture content on the stability and maturity of compost. Bioresour Technol 112:171–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.099
Hao X, Chang C, Larney FJ (2004) Carbon, nitrogen balances and greenhouse gas emission during cattle feedlot manure composting. J Environ Qual 33(1):37–44. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2004.3700
Hough RL, Crews C, White D, Driffield M, Campbell CD, Maltin C (2010) Degradation of yew, ragwort and rhododendron toxins during composting. Sci Total Environ 408(19):4128–4137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.05.024
Hue NV, Liu J (1995) Predicting compost stability. Compost Sci Util 3(2):8–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.1995.10701777
IPCC (2013) Climate change 2013: the physical science basis. http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/. Accessed 10 Sept 2016
Jiang T, Li G, Tang Q, Ma X, Wang G, Schuchardt F (2015) Effects of aeration method and aeration rate on greenhouse gas emissions during composting of pig feces in pilot scale. J Environ Sci 31:124–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2014.12.005
Li S, Li D, Li J, Li G, Zhang B (2017) Evaluation of humic substances during co-composting of sewage sludge and corn stalk under different aeration rates. Bioresour Technol 245(Pt A):1299–1302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.177
Lim SL, Lee LH, Wu TY (2016) Sustainability of using composting and vermicomposting technologies for organic solid waste biotransformation: recent overview, greenhouse gases emissions and economic analysis. J Clean Prod 111:262–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.083
Luo W, Yuan J, Luo Y, Li G, Nghiem LD, Price WE (2014) Effects of mixing and covering with mature compost on gaseous emissions during composting. Chemosphere 117:14–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.043
Medina E, Paredes C, Bustamante MA, Moral R, Moreno-Caselles J (2012) Relationships between soil physico-chemical, chemical and biological properties in a soil amended with spent mushroom substrate. Geoderma 173–174:152–161
Miller FC (1992) Composting as a process based on the control of ecologically selective factors. In: Metting FB Jr (ed) Soil microbial ecology, applications in agricultural and environmental management. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, pp 515–544
Nigussie A, Neergaard AD, Bruun S, Kuyper TW (2016) Vermicomposting as a technology for reducing nitrogen losses and greenhouse gas emissions from small-scale composting. J Clean Prod 139:429–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.08.058
Onwosi CO, Igbokwe VC, Odimba JN, Eke IE, Nwankwoala MO, Iroh IN, Ezeogu LI (2017) Composting technology in waste stabilization: on the methods, challenges and future prospects. J Environ Manag 190:140–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.051
Pagans E, Barrena R, Font X, Sanchez A (2006) Ammonia emissions from the composting of different organic wastes. Dependency on process temperature. Chemosphere 62(9):1534–1542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.06.044
Pandey PK, Vaddella V, Cao W, Biswas S, Chiu C, Hunter S (2016) In-vessel composting system for converting food and green wastes into pathogen free soil amendment for sustainable agriculture. J Clean Prod 139:407–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.08.034
Paredes C, Medina E, Moral R, Pérezmurcia MD, Morenocaselles J, Bustamante MA, Cecilia JA (2009) Characterization of the different organic matter fractions of spent mushroom substrate. Commun Soil Sci Plan 40(1-6):150–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620802625575
Reino C, Mcm VL, Carrera J, Pérez J (2017) Effect of temperature on N2O emissions from a highly enriched nitrifying granular sludge performing partial nitritation of a low-strength wastewater. Chemosphere 185:336–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.017
Santos A, Bustamante MA, Tortosa G, Moral R, Bernal MP (2016) Gaseous emissions and process development during composting of pig slurry: the influence of the proportion of cotton gin waste. J Clean Prod 112:81–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.084
Sellami F, Hachicha S, Chtourou M, Medhioub K, Ammar E (2008) Maturity assessment of composted olive mill wastes using UV spectra and humification parameters. Bioresour Technol 99(15):6900–6907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.055
Wu S, Lan Y, Wu Z, Peng Y, Chen S, Huang Z, Xu L, Gelbič I, Guan X, Zhang L, Zou S (2013) Pretreatment of spent mushroom substrate for enhancing the conversion of fermentable sugar. Bioresour Technol 148:596–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.122
Yamada Y, Kawase Y (2006) Aerobic composting of waste activated sludge: kinetic analysis for microbiological reaction and oxygen consumption. Waste Manag 26(1):49–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2005.03.012
Yang F, Li G, Yang Q, Luo W (2013) Effect of bulking agents on maturity and gaseous emissions during kitchen waste composting. Chemosphere 93(7):1393–1399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.002
Yuan J, Chadwick D, Zhang D, Li G, Chen S, Luo W, Du L, He S, Peng S (2016) Effects of aeration rate on maturity and gaseous emissions during sewage sludge composting. Waste Manag 56:403–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.07.017
Zhang L, Sun X (2016) Influence of bulking agents on physical, chemical, and microbiological properties during the two-stage composting of green waste. Waste Manag 48:115–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.11.032
Zhou Y, Selvam A, Wong JW (2014) Evaluation of humic substances during co-composting of food waste, sawdust and Chinese medicinal herbal residues. Bioresour Technol 168:229–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.070
Zhu H, Sun L, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Qiao J (2012) Conversion of spent mushroom substrate to biofertilizer using a stress-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing Pichia farinose FL7. Bioresour Technol 111:410–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.042
Acknowledgments
This research was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program (2016YFD0800202) and Research Project in Cashmere Goat Industry of China (CARS-39-19).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, S., Li, D., Li, J. et al. Effect of spent mushroom substrate as a bulking agent on gaseous emissions and compost quality during pig manure composting. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 12398–12406 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1450-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1450-3