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Is power Doppler ultrasound useful to evaluate temporomandibular joint inflammatory activity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

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Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of power Doppler ultrasound (US) in assessing the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as the reference standard.

Methods

We evaluated the US and MRI examinations of the TMJs from 92 JIA patients. These exams were done and scored for inflammatory activity on the same date.

Results

There were considerable differences between the US and MRI findings, with MRI detecting more effectively the TMJ involvement. No association was found between synovial inflammation obtained using power Doppler US to assess synovial vascularity determined by US images and synovial enhancement determined by MRI images. US had very poor sensitivity and very low positive predictive value to detect TMJ arthritis in JIA patients compared with MRI as the reference standard.

Conclusions

Power Doppler US cannot replace MRI for the detection of TMJ inflammatory involvement in JIA patients.

Key Points

• The early diagnosis of TMJ involvement in JIA patients is very important in order to prevent disturbances in the mandibular growth.

• Power Doppler US could be a useful diagnostic tool as a screening exam to identify inflammatory activity in this joint.

• However, power Doppler US did not show to have this function and cannot replace MRI for the detection of TMJ inflammatory involvement in JIA patients.

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Funding

This study was financially supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP 07/56228-9).

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Correspondence to Liete Figueiredo Zwir.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Zwir, L.F., Terreri, M.T., do Amaral e Castro, A. et al. Is power Doppler ultrasound useful to evaluate temporomandibular joint inflammatory activity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis?. Clin Rheumatol 39, 1237–1240 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-019-04731-x

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