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Complete genome sequences of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotypes 5 and 6 isolated in Japan

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Abstract

Here, we report the complete genome sequences of epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) virus serotypes 5 (EHDV-5) and 6 (EHDV-6) isolated in the Yaeyama Islands of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The EHDV-5 strain, ON-11/E/16, which was isolated in 2016, is, to our knowledge, the second EHDV-5 strain to be isolated after the first was isolated in Australia in 1977. In each of the genome segments, ON-11/E/16 was most closely related to EHDV strains of different serotypes isolated in Australia and Japan. Our results support the idea that various serotypes of EHDV have been circulating while causing reassortment in the Asia-Pacific region. In all genome segments, the EHDV-6 strain, ON-3/E/14, which was isolated in 2014, was highly similar to EHDV-6 strain HG-1/E/15, which was detected in affected cattle during the EHD epidemic in Hyogo prefecture in 2015. Therefore, these two EHDV-6 strains, ON-3/E/14 and HG-1/E/15, may have the same origin. However, it is unclear whether EHDV-6 was transmitted directly between the locations where those strains were isolated/detected (approx. 1,500 km apart) or whether EHDV-6 strains of the same origin entered each location at different times. In addition, we cannot rule out the possibility that EHDV-6 infection has spread unnoticed through asymptomatic cattle in other areas of Japan. Therefore, further investigation into EHDV infection in cattle is necessary for a more detailed understanding of the ecology of EHDV in Japan.

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Data availability

The nucleotide sequence data reported herein have been deposited in the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) under accession numbers LC552734−LC552754 and LC757713−LC757740.

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Acknowledgements

This study was conducted under the Research Project on Regulatory Research Projects for Food Safety, Animal Health, and Plant Protection (JPJ008617.18065101) funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (FY2018−2022). The authors would like to thank the veterinarians of Yaeyama Livestock Hygiene Service Center and Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health for collecting bovine blood samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Exotic Disease Group, Division of Transboundary Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 6-20-1 Josuihoncho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-0022, Japan

    Hiroaki Shirafuji

  2. Epidemiology and Arbovirus Group, Division of Transboundary Animal Disease Research, NIAH, NARO, 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima, 891-0105, Japan

    Katsunori Murota & Tohru Yanase

  3. Virus Group, Division of Infectious Animal Disease Research, NIAH, NARO, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan

    Natsumi Kishida & Yuto Suda

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  1. Hiroaki Shirafuji
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Correspondence to Hiroaki Shirafuji.

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Shirafuji, H., Murota, K., Kishida, N. et al. Complete genome sequences of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotypes 5 and 6 isolated in Japan. Arch Virol 168, 230 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05853-z

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