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Validation of the Croatian version of the Oswestry Disability Index

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Abstract

Purpose

To translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the Croatian version of the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).

Methods

The original English-language ODI was cross-culturally adapted into Croatian and then evaluated in a group of 114 patients with chronic low back pain (LBP) at the Department of Neurosurgery, Zagreb University School of Medicine. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted with three models: two were theory driven (unidimensional and two dimensional—static and dynamic factors); the other was based on our exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were evaluated using Cronbach’s α and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. Construct validity was assessed by evaluating the correlation between the ODI and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and between the ODI and 36-item short form survey (SF-36) scores.

Results

The EFA-derived two-dimensional structure explained 82.7% of the total variance and was significantly better than the other models (P < 0.001); however, none of the models had acceptable fit. Internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.84) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.94) were satisfactory. The ODI was positively correlated with VAS (rs = 0.54, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with all of the SF-36 sections (rs = − 0.35 to − 0.64, P < 0.001, all), apart from the role-physical (rs = − 0.02, P = 0.767).

Conclusions

The Croatian version of the ODI has acceptable psychometric properties. It appears to be suitable for assessment of LBP and treatment outcomes in Croatian-speaking patients. Overall, there was no evidence to reject the original unidimensional structure in favor of a two-factor solution. As such, the unidimensional structure should continue to be used in future studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Ivan Domazet, Jakob Nemir, Petra Barl, Krešimir Saša Đurić, Ivan Pašalić, Hrvoje Barić & Marin Stančić

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  1. Ivan Domazet
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Domazet, I., Nemir, J., Barl, P. et al. Validation of the Croatian version of the Oswestry Disability Index. Eur Spine J 27, 2814–2822 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-018-5757-z

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