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Ultrastructure and laboratory effect of mesenchymal stem cells in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats

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Abstract

Diabetes is a worldwide leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most common chronic autoimmune disorder in children and young adults. There is currently no definitive treatment for T1D. Stem cell administration appeared as an experimental treatment showing an improvement in the clinical outcome and restoration of tissue architecture in many disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) showed their capacity to generate insulin-producing cells as a promising potential treatment for diabetic patients. The present work aimed to study the effect of MSCs on the ultrastructure and laboratory findings of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1D in rats. Sixty male albino rats were divided into three groups: group I (control), group II (STZ-induced diabetic), and group III (STZ-induced diabetic-treated with MSCs). Ultrastructure study, as well as glucose and insulin measurements, was done for the three groups. The diabetic group showed significantly higher glucose and lower insulin levels compared to the other two groups, while the diabetic group treated with MSCs showed a non-significant difference compared to the control group. On the ultrastructure level, the diabetic group showed nuclear degeneration, loss of cytoplasmic organelles, loss of cell membranes, pyknotic nuclei, and apoptosis. All these findings were mostly reversed by the use of MSCs in the diabetic-treated group. We conclude that the use of MSCs reversed the laboratory and ultrastructure effect of STZ-induced T1D in rats.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article. Further enquiries can be directed at the corresponding author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt

    Ahmed F. AlDomairy & Radwa M. Elsabban

  2. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt

    Ashraf kotb

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  1. Ahmed F. AlDomairy
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  2. Ashraf kotb
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  3. Radwa M. Elsabban
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Contributions

AFA and AK contributed to the study conception and design. All authors shared the development, material preparation, and data collection. The principle of the article and the first draft of the manuscript were written by Ashraf Kotb, which was also responsible for the laboratory effect analysis; AA and RE managed the processing and interpretation of the ultrastructure effect. All authors performed the literature search, revised, and commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ahmed F. AlDomairy.

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No funding was received for conducting this study.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Approval of the study was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of October 6 University (approval number PRE-ME-2210034). All institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were followed.

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All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals.

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AlDomairy, A.F., kotb, A. & Elsabban, R.M. Ultrastructure and laboratory effect of mesenchymal stem cells in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats. Comp Clin Pathol 33, 303–308 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-024-03551-z

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