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Efficacy of combined therapy of Diminaveto® and Intromidium® in albino rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei

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Abstract

The chemotherapeutic effect of Diaminaveto® (diminazene aceturate) and Intromidium® (isomethamidium chloride) combination in rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei was evaluated. Forty albino rats used for this study were grouped into 8 groups of 5 rats each. Rats in group 1 were not infected while group 2–8 rats were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 1 × 106 trypanosomes. Rats in group 2 were left untreated while group 3 and 4 rats were treated with 3.5 mg/kg Diaminaveto (DM) and 0.5 mg/kg Intromidium (IM) intramuscularly (i.m.) respectively at day 19 post infection (PI). Also, 7.0 mg/kg DM and 1.0 mg/kg IM were administered to rats in groups 5 and 6, respectively at the same day. Groups 7 and 8 were treated with 7.0 mg/kg DM and 1.0 mg/kg IM, respectively, at day 19 PI, and these treatments were reversed after 2 weeks (group 7 rats were treated with 1.0 mg/kg IM while rats in group 8 were treated with 7.0 mg/kg DM). Level of parasitemia, clinical signs, survivability, body weight changes, rectal temperature (RT), hematological indices (packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, and differential leukocytic count), and rate of parasite clearance were used to evaluate the efficacies of the drugs and their combination. The parasites were cleared in the treated groups at day 21 PI (2 days post treatment). There was a remarkable (P < 0.05) reduction in PCV, Hb, WBCS, and weight of rats post infection (PI). These indices were reversed post treatment (PT). However, this reversal was faster and lasted longer in rats in groups 7 and 8. The results of the study show combined therapy of Diminaveto and Intromidium at different time intervals was more efficacious than single treatment regimen of either Diminaveto or Intromidium.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria

    Michael Ikenna Okpala, Chukwunonso Francis Obi, Ikenna Onyema Ezeh, Terry Adaeze Nzeakor, Ganiyu Efficience Aneru & Romanus Chukwuduruo Ezeokonkwo

  2. Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria

    Lotanna Gilbert Nwobi

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  1. Michael Ikenna Okpala
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  2. Chukwunonso Francis Obi
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  3. Ikenna Onyema Ezeh
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  4. Lotanna Gilbert Nwobi
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  5. Terry Adaeze Nzeakor
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  6. Ganiyu Efficience Aneru
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  7. Romanus Chukwuduruo Ezeokonkwo
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Correspondence to Michael Ikenna Okpala.

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Valid approval and ethical clearance were obtained from the Ethics Committee for Medical and Scientific Research of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, before the commencement of this study. Also, all applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Okpala, M.I., Obi, C.F., Ezeh, I.O. et al. Efficacy of combined therapy of Diminaveto® and Intromidium® in albino rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Comp Clin Pathol 30, 1023–1032 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-021-03292-3

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