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Amphibole in alkaline basalts from intraplate settings: implications for the petrogenesis of alkaline lavas from the metasomatised lithospheric mantle

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Abstract

Kaersutite to pargasite phenocrysts from Tertiary alkali basalts (Rhön, Central European Province, Germany) yield new high-precision 40Ar/39Ar ages of 24.0–24.1 Ma. Major and trace element compositions demonstrate that these high-TiO2 (4–7 wt%) amphiboles are in equilibrium with their host rock. Chemically, these amphibole phenocrysts resemble amphibole from magmatic veins in upper mantle rocks but differ from disseminated amphibole from peridotite. Most amphiboles have similar isotope characteristics to their alkaline basaltic host rocks (87Sr/86Sr24 = 0.7035–0.736, εNd24 = +3.8–+4.0, 206Pb/204Pb24 = 19.21–19.37, 207Pb/204Pb24 = 15.58–15.62, 208Pb/204Pb24 = 38.95–39.16), but two samples show contrasting isotopic compositions (εNd24 = −4.0 and −2.9; 206Pb/204Pb24 = 17.08 and 18.11; 207Pb/204Pb24 = 15.51 and 15.58; 208Pb/204Pb24 = 37.41 and 37.99), indicating involvement of an ancient crust-derived component during melting. The O isotopic composition of the amphibole phenocrysts ranges from 5.4 to 7.5 ‰, reflecting O isotope heterogeneity of the upper mantle sources. The contrasting isotopic composition of amphibole and host rock pairs furthermore indicates that phenocrysts record the early stages of the volcanic history of the Rhön volcanic field on a regional scale and at a different depth within the lithospheric mantle. Temperature and pressure estimates range from 1,010 and 1,080 °C and 0.7 and 1.0 GPa and are compatible with the experimental results on the stability of amphibole in alkaline rocks derived from the upper mantle. Geochemistry of major and trace elements and isotopic compositions shows that igneous amphibole from alkali basalts may preserve isotope heterogeneities suggesting that they sample heterogeneous upper mantle lithologies on a small scale.

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Acknowledgments

BM and SJ would like to thank P. Stutz (Universität Hamburg) for excellent thin sections and S. Heidrich (Universität Hamburg) for electron microprobe measurements. This work was supported through Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft Grant Ju 326/7-1 to SJ. We gratefully thank two anonymous reviewers for detailed comments that helped to focus this paper.

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Author notes

  1. B. Mayer

    Present address: National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Mineralogisch-Petrographisches Institut, Universität Hamburg, 20146, Hamburg, Germany

    B. Mayer & S. Jung

  2. Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany

    R. L. Romer

  3. Institut für Geologie Technische, Universität Freiberg, Bernhard-von-Cotta Str. 2, 09599, Freiberg, Germany

    J. A. Pfänder

  4. Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Universität Bremen, Klagenfurter Straße, 28359, Bremen, Germany

    A. Klügel

  5. Abteilung Isotopengeologie, Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 1, 37073, Göttingen, Germany

    A. Pack

  6. Partikelchemie, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128, Mainz, Germany

    E. Gröner

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Communicated by T. L. Grove.

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Appendix

Appendix

See Tables 5 and 6; Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.

Fig. 10
figure 10

Backscattered electron image of amphibole Hbl-Rh10/09. The analysed profile (Fig. 11) is shown as red line

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Fig. 11
figure 11

Major element profile (wt%) for amphibole Hbl-Rh10/09

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Fig. 12
figure 12

Separate CI-normalised REE compositions (ppm) through the amphibole Hbl-Rh10/13 (rim, core, core, rim)

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Fig. 13
figure 13

Nb/Th versus Lu/Hf for studied amphiboles and representative vein amphibole and disseminated amphibole compositions for comparison (Ionov and Hofmann 1995; Witt-Eickschen et al. 2003; Powell et al. 2004)

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Fig. 14
figure 14

40Ar–39Ar age spectra and inverse isochron diagrams for samples Hbl-Rh10/01 (a, b), Hbl-Rh10/07 (c, d), Hbl-Rh10/13 (e, f), and Hbl-Rh10/33 (g, h). Inverse isochron diagrams comprise all measured temperature steps, and insets show the steps selected for plateau age calculation

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Mayer, B., Jung, S., Romer, R.L. et al. Amphibole in alkaline basalts from intraplate settings: implications for the petrogenesis of alkaline lavas from the metasomatised lithospheric mantle. Contrib Mineral Petrol 167, 989 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-014-0989-3

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