Abstract
Structural complexity provided by the living coral reef framework is the basis of the rich and dynamic biodiversity in coral reefs. In many cases today, the reduction in habitat complexity, from live coral to dead coral and rubble, has altered the abundance and diversity of many reef species with impacts on community structure, food webs and ecosystem functioning. Yet, the complex microhabitat provided by rubble can too support a great density and diversity of reef organisms, often with explicit roles in ecosystem functioning. This literature review synthesises available knowledge on the biology and ecology of coral rubble. We highlight key methodologies used to sample rubble communities, and the biological and ecological consequences of ongoing habitat degradation from coral to rubble reefs under future scenarios. We conclude with a number of key research themes that may enhance our capacity to understand the current contribution of rubble communities to reef functioning and predict their ability to modulate future impacts as net framework erosion amplifies.
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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest. We sincerely thank our reviewers for their insightful comments that greatly improved this manuscript. This study was funded by ARC grants to PJM. Symbols for diagrams modified courtesy of the Integration and Application Network (ian.umces.edu/symbols).
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Wolfe, K., Kenyon, T.M. & Mumby, P.J. The biology and ecology of coral rubble and implications for the future of coral reefs. Coral Reefs 40, 1769–1806 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-021-02185-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-021-02185-9