Abstract
Salmonella is a zoonotic pathogen that is commonly associated with foodborne disease outbreaks. This study found that a newly identified Gram-negative lysin LysP53 had good activity against a wide range of Salmonella, including Salmonella Newington, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Dublin. Without the help of an outer membrane permeabilizer, 4 μM LysP53 could reduce 97.6% of planktonic Salmonella Enteritidis and 90% of the bacteria in biofilms. Moreover, LysP53 was highly thermostable because it maintained >90% activity even after exposure to temperatures up to 95 °C. Although high concentrations of salts could reduce the activity, LysP53 was found safe for oral gavage of mice without affecting body weights and cytokines in sera and able to reduce 90% of Salmonella Enteritidis loads on fresh romaine lettuce after 30 min of treatment. Because of its good activity against a wide range of bacteria, thermal stability, safe for oral administration, LysP53 could be used as a biocontrol agent for reducing bacterial loads in fresh vegetable food.
Key points
• Lysin LysP53 has high bactericidal activity against Salmonella.
• LysP53 is thermostable even at high temperature of up to 95 °C.
• LysP53 can be used for topical decontamination of Salmonella on vegetables.
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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files).
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Center for Instrumental Analysis and Metrology, Wuhan Institute of Virology for assistance in microscopy analysis.
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Conceptualization, C.L. and H.W.; methodology, C.L.; validation, C.L., R.N., X.Z., H.X., Y.L., H.Y., and H.W.; formal analysis, C.L., R.N., X.Z., H.X., Y.L., and H.Y.; investigation, C.L., R.N., X.Z., and H.X.; resources, Y.L., H.Y., and H.W; data curation, C.L. and R.N.; writing—original draft preparation, C.L. and R.N.; writing—review and editing, C.L., Y.L., H.Y., and H.W.; supervision, H.W.; project administration, H.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
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The experimental protocols were carried out following the regulations and guidelines set forth by the Animal Experiments Committee of Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and approved by the committee (No: WIVA17202102).
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Li, C., Nyaruaba, R., Zhao, X. et al. LysP53 activity against Salmonella and its application in decontamination of Salmonella on fresh romaine lettuce. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 107, 5403–5413 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-023-12666-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-023-12666-2