Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are used as a tool for intercellular communication and seem essential for bacterial survival. However, few data are available on MVs generated by Streptococcus mutans, which is the main aetiological agent of dental caries. The present study presents an integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis of MVs isolated from S. mutans at initial pH values of 7.5 and 5.5 and explores their function. The results showed that S. mutans releases more MVs with smaller diameters under acidic conditions than under neutral conditions. Proteomic analysis showed 344 common vesicular proteins, including various virulence factors. The expressions of 140 individual proteins and 37 metabolites were altered as a result of culturing S. mutans at different pH values. Co-analyses of proteomic and metabolomics data indicated that ABC transporters underwent significant changes under acid pressure. We concluded that S. mutans produced MVs at different pH values to carry proteins associated with cariogenesis. Moreover, the alterations of S. mutans MVs under acid pressure were associated with ABC transporters. These results increase our knowledge of S. mutans MVs and imply that S. mutans MVs may play a functional role in carious infection.
Key points
• S. mutans MVs contained virulence factor-related proteins, even at low pH values.
• Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis showed that S. mutans MVs alterations under acidic conditions were associated with ABC transporters.
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We gratefully acknowledge the Shanghai Applied Protein Technology for providing the technical support.
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This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81570967 and 81670982).
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CY, GL and LH designed the initial study. CY, CD and WR conducted the experiments. ZY provided technical support and analytical tools. CY and ZY worked on the data analysis. CY wrote the first manuscript. CY, GL and LH revised and completed the final manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Cao, Y., Zhou, Y., Chen, D. et al. Proteomic and metabolic characterization of membrane vesicles derived from Streptococcus mutans at different pH values. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 104, 9733–9748 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10563-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10563-6