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GC/MS-based metabolomic approach to validate the role of urinary sarcosine and target biomarkers for human prostate cancer by microwave-assisted derivatization

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Abstract

A recent study showed that sarcosine may be potentially useful for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to validate diagnostic value of sarcosine for PCa, to evaluate urine metabolomic profiles in patients with PCa in comparison of non-cancerous control, and to further explore the other potential metabolic biomarkers for PCa. Isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (ID GC/MS) metabolomic approach was applied to evaluate sarcosine using [methyl-D3]-sarcosine as an internal standard. Microwave-assisted derivatization (MAD) together with GC/MS was utilized to obtain the urinary metabolomic information in 20 PCa patients compared with eight patients with benign prostate hypertrophy and 20 healthy men. Acquired metabolomic data were analyzed using a two-sample t test. Diagnostic models for PCa were constructed using principal component analysis and were assessed with receiver–operating characteristic curves. Results showed that the urinary sarcosine level has no statistical difference between the PCa group and the control group. In addition, nine metabolomic markers between the PCa group and the healthy male group were selected, which constructed a diagnostic model with a high area under the curve value of 0.9425. We conclude that although urinary sarcosine value has limited potential in the diagnostic algorithm of PCa, urinary metabolomic panel based on GC/MS assay following MAD may potentially become a diagnostic tool for PCa.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB936000), Major National Science and Technology Projects (2009ZX10004-301 and 2008ZX10002-017), Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (10410709400 and 10411950100), Shanghai Talent Development Foundation (2009-035), and National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.81000968, No. 30772505, and No. 30872503).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Hao Wu, Taotao Liu, Ruyi Xue & Xizhong Shen

  2. Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Chunguang Ma

  3. Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China

    Chunhui Deng

  4. Shanghai Sensichip Infotech Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200433, China

    Huazong Zeng

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  1. Hao Wu
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  2. Taotao Liu
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  5. Chunhui Deng
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Correspondence to Xizhong Shen.

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Hao Wu and Taotao Liu contributed equally to the work.

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Wu, H., Liu, T., Ma, C. et al. GC/MS-based metabolomic approach to validate the role of urinary sarcosine and target biomarkers for human prostate cancer by microwave-assisted derivatization. Anal Bioanal Chem 401, 635–646 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5098-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5098-9

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