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Diversity and nodulation effectiveness of rhizobia and mycorrhizal presence in climbing dry beans grown in Prespa lakes plain, Greece

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Abstract

The Prespa lakes plain is an isolated area where about 1000 ha are seeded to Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccineus L. Nodulation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) presence and the genetic diversity of rhizobia were evaluated by 16S-ITS-23S-RFLP patterns and by sequencing. The bean rhizobial population in the region was diverse, despite its geographic isolation. No biogeographic relationships were detected, apart from a Rhizobium tropici-related strain that originated from an acidic soil. No clear pattern was detected in clustering with bean species and all isolates formed nodules with both bean species. Most strains were related to Rhizobium leguminosarum and a number of isolates were falling outside the already characterized species of genus Rhizobium. Application of heavy fertilization has resulted in high soil N and P levels, which most likely reduced nodulation and AMF spore presence. However, considerable AMF root length colonization was found in most of the fields.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Research Committee of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Grant number 89313). The authors would also like to thank Kyriaki Kosmanidou and the “Pelecanos” cooperative for their assistance in field sampling.

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  1. Laboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Ioannis Ipsilantis

  2. Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Leonidas Lotos

  3. Laboratory of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Ioannis T. Tsialtas

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  1. Ioannis Ipsilantis
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S 1

. Agarose gel of the PCR products where multiple or single band may be observed before (left) and after HaeII digestion (right). Highlighted are the bands that were successfully sequenced. M: 100 base DNA ladder marker, 1: PYL2, 2: ORM3, 3: ORM1, 4: PYL6, 5: PYL7, 6: SLL3, 7: SLL7, 8: PYL6, 9: KAR6, 10: ORM4, 11: SLL8, 12: PYL5, 13: ERG2, 14: LAI3 (DOCX 142 kb)

S 2

. Agarose gel of the PCR products where multiple or single band may be observed before (up) and after HaeII digestion (down). Highlighted are the bands that were successfully sequenced. M: 100 base DNA ladder marker, 1: ORM2, 2: PYL3, 3: KAR1, 4: KAR7, 5: KAR9, 6: SLL1, 7: PYL2, 8: MIK3, 9: KAR2, 10: KAR8, 11: SLL6, 12: SLA2, 13: LAI2, 14: PYL4, 16: SLL12, 17: SLA5, 18: OPA1, 19: GRA4, 20: GRA5, 21: PYL1, 22: PYL9, 23: SLA1, 24: LAI5, 25: GRA2, 26: SLL4, 27: GRA3, 28: MIK 7, 29: MIK5, 30: JUM1, 31: MIK2, 32: LAI3, 33: GRA1, 34: LAI6, 35: LAI4, 36: OPA2, 37: MIK1 38: SLA4, 39: LAI8, 40: LAI7, 41: SLL5, 42: KAR4, 43: MIK4, 44: KAR5, 45: SLL13, 46: MIK6, 47: ERG1, 48: SLL2, 49: PYL10, 50: PYL11, 51: ORM5, 52: KAR10, 53: KAR11, 54: ORM6, 55: KAR12. Note that JUM1 is an isolate from Florina, an area close, but outside the Prespa lakes area (DOCX 328 kb)

S 3.

Agarose gel of the PCR products after MspI digestion. M: 100 base DNA ladder marker. 1: ERG1, 2: SLL11, 3: MIK6, 4: KAR3, 6: KAR6, 7: PYL5, 8: KAR1, 9: KAR4, 10: KAR7, 11: KAR9, 12: LAI6, 13: GRA1, 14: LAI7, 15: LAI1, 16: GRA1, 17: KAR5, 18: MIK4, 19: OPA1, 21: GRA2, 22: MIK5, 23: MIK2, 24: MIK7, 25: MIK3, 26: PYL2, 27: LAI3, 28: ERG2, 30: SLL3, 31: SLL7, 32: ORM1, 33: SLL4, 34: PYL4, 36: GRA2, 37: KAR2, 38: SLA1, 39: SLA1, 40: SLL1, 43: KAR3, 44: LAI2, 45: PYL6, 46: PYL7, 47: SLA2, 48: KAR8, 50: KAR9, 51: SLL7, 52: SLL12, 53: GRA3, 54: ERG1 (DOCX 200 kb)

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Ipsilantis, I., Lotos, L. & Tsialtas, I.T. Diversity and nodulation effectiveness of rhizobia and mycorrhizal presence in climbing dry beans grown in Prespa lakes plain, Greece. Arch Microbiol 201, 1151–1161 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-019-01679-z

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