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Dietary vitamin C intake and the risk of hip fracture: a dose-response meta-analysis

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Abstract

Summary

The meta-analysis suggested that dietary vitamin C was statistically inversely associated with the risk of hip fracture (overall OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55–0.97, I 2 = 69.1%) and with the increase of 50 mg/day vitamin C intake, the risk of hip fracture will reduce by 5% (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–1.00, P = 0.05).

Introduction

Previous studies had inconsistent findings regarding the association between vitamin C intake and the risk of hip fracture. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of dietary vitamin C intake and the risk of hip fracture.

Methods

Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to December 2016. Additional articles were identified from reviewing the reference lists of relevant articles. The summary relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by random effects model. Funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to test publication bias.

Results

The total six articles containing 7908 controls and 2899 cases of hip fracture were included in this meta-analysis. By comparing the highest versus the lowest categories of vitamin C intake, we found that dietary vitamin C was statistically correlated with the risk of hip fracture [overall OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55–0.97, I 2 = 69.1%]. A linear dose-response association showed that the increase with vitamin C intake of 50 mg/day statistically reduced by 5% (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–1.00, P = 0.05) the risk of hip fracture.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the results of current meta-analysis strongly support that increasing dietary vitamin C intake can decrease the risk of hip fracture. In order to verify the association of vitamin C intake and hip fracture risk, further well-designed largely randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science of China (81372679 and 81673165).

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Author notes

  1. Yafei Sun and Changfeng Liu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

    Y. Sun, Y. Bo, J. You, Y. Zhu, D. Duan, H. Cui & Q. Lu

  2. The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China

    C. Liu

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Correspondence to Q. Lu.

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Sun, Y., Liu, C., Bo, Y. et al. Dietary vitamin C intake and the risk of hip fracture: a dose-response meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 29, 79–87 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-017-4284-9

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