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Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells and macrophages: communication between two regulators of effector T cells

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Abstract.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an essential role in the induction and maintenance of peripheral tolerance as well as prevention of autoimmunity by limiting the strength of the immune response of effector T cells. Macrophages, a heterogeneous population of phagocytes and professional antigen presenting cells (APCs), can also exert suppressive effects on effector T cells to keep the peripheral balance of immunity. The bi-directional interactions of dendritic cells (DCs) and Tregs have been cell studied. However, much less is known about the reciprocal interaction between macrophages and Tregs. In this review, we will discuss recent observations regarding the interplay of these two regulators of immunity.

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Abbreviations

AAM:

alternatively activated macrophages

ACAID:

anterior chamber–associated immune deviation

APC:

antigen presenting cell

CpG-ODN:

immune-stimulatory oligonucleotide with CpG sequences motifs

CTLA-4:

cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen

CNS:

central nervous system

DCs:

dendritic cells

DTH:

delayed-type hypersensitivity

EAE:

experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

ECL:

entorhinal cortex lesion

FoxP3:

forkhead box protein 3

GITR:

glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor

HLA- II:

leukocyte antigen class II

IBD:

inflammatory bowel disease

IDO:

indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase

IFN-gamma:

interferon-gamma

iNOS:

inducible nitric oxide synthase

KCs:

Kupffer’s cells

LPS:

lipopolysaccharide

MDC:

macrophage-derived chemokine

MHC:

major histocompatibility complex

MLR:

mixed lymphocyte response

NO:

nitric oxide

TARC:

thymus and activation-regulated chemokine

TGF-beta:

transforming growth factor-beta

TECs:

thymic epithelial cells

TLR:

toll like receptor

TNF-alpha:

tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Tregs:

regulatory T cells

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Y. Zhen & Y. Zhao

  2. China-U.S. Research Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China

    Y. Zhen, J. Zheng & Y. Zhao

  3. Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA

    J. Zheng

Authors
  1. Y. Zhen
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  2. J. Zheng
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  3. Y. Zhao
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Y. Zhao.

Additional information

Received 8 December 2006; returned for revision 17 January 2008; received from final revision 9 June 2008; accepted by G. Wallace 10 July 2008

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Zhen, Y., Zheng, J. & Zhao, Y. Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells and macrophages: communication between two regulators of effector T cells. Inflamm. res. 57, 564–570 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-008-7234-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-008-7234-3

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