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Körperliche Aktivität, Sport, Genetik und kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen

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Zusammenfassung

Regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität hat zahlreiche positive Auswirkungen in der Prävention und Therapie von kardiovaskulären und anderen Erkrankungen. Körperliche Aktivität kann wie ein Medikament mit Wirkung und Nebenwirkungen eingesetzt werden. Kardiale Komplikationen im Sport sind selten, treten sie aber auf, stellen sie ein dramatisches Ereignis dar. Besonders problematisch sind plötzliche Zwischenfälle und der plötzliche Tod im Kindesalter. In diesem Kapitel werden die genetisch bedingten elektrischen und strukturellen Ursachen kardialer Zwischenfälle dargestellt, insbesondere die Ionenkanalerkrankungen und verschiedenen Formen genetisch bedingter Kardiomyopathien sowie die auslösenden Trigger. Ergänzend werden das WPW-Syndrom und das Vorhofflimmern bei Sportlern erläutert; bei beiden Arrhythmien spielen genetische Faktoren teilweise ebenfalls eine Rolle. Die Diagnostik allgemein und die genetische Abklärung werden dargestellt, ebenso die Risikoabschätzung und die Konsequenzen für die sportärztliche Vorsorgeuntersuchung. Ergänzend werden die aktuellen Empfehlungen zur genetischen Untersuchung aufgeführt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DGSP, Past Präsident, Praxis für Kardiologie, Sportkardiologie, DGSP, Bermesgasse 32 b, 42897, Remscheid, Deutschland

    Herbert Löllgen

  2. Institut für Genetik von Herzerkrankungen (IfGH), Department für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149, Münster, Deutschland

    Eric Schulze-Bahr

  3. Kinderklinik der Universität, Notfallzentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Inselspital, Freiburgerstr., CH-3010, Bern, Schweiz

    Ruth Löllgen

  4. Institut für Sportwissenschaft/Abteilung Sport- und Leistungsphysiologie, Universität Wien, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150, Wien, Österreich

    Norbert Bachl

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  1. Herbert Löllgen
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Correspondence to Herbert Löllgen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Sportwissenschaft Universität Wien, Wien, Austria

    Norbert Bachl

  2. DGSP, Praxis für Kardiologie Sportkardiologie, Remscheid, Germany

    Herbert Löllgen

  3. Institut für Sportwissenschaft Universität Wien, Wien, Austria

    Harald Tschan

  4. Fakultät für Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Technische Universität München, München, Germany

    Henning Wackerhage

  5. Institut für Sportwissenschaft Universität Wien, Wien, Austria

    Barbara Wessner

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Löllgen, H., Schulze-Bahr, E., Löllgen, R., Bachl, N. (2018). Körperliche Aktivität, Sport, Genetik und kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen. In: Bachl, N., Löllgen, H., Tschan, H., Wackerhage, H., Wessner, B. (eds) Molekulare Sport- und Leistungsphysiologie. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1591-6_16

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