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Bioactive Compounds of Goosefoot (Genus Chenopodium)

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Bioactive Compounds in Underutilized Vegetables and Legumes

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

Abstract

The biologically active compounds isolated from Chenopodium species are reviewed. These include compounds of diverse chemical nature: polysaccharides, lectins, amines and amides, phenolics and flavonoids, saponins, sterols, monoterpenes, and essential oils. The data for the biological activity of more than 70 compounds isolated or detected in goosefoot species are found in the literature. A wide range of pharmacological activities of chenopods: antimicrobial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-α-glucosidase, prolipase, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, hemolytic, wound healing, sedative, and analgesic that appeared in the literature are discussed. The research found in literature was done mainly on C. album, C. ambrosioides, C. bonus-henricus, C. botrys, and C. quinoa.

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Abbreviations

3 T3-L1:

Mouse fibroblast cells

6-OHDA:

6-Hydroxydopamine

ABTS+:

2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt

AChE:

Acetylcholinesterase

BALB/c :

Albino immune-deficient inbred mouse strain

BChE:

Butyrylcholinesterase

BHT:

Butylated hydroxytoluene

BV-173:

Human B-cell precursor leukemia cell line

C/EBPα:

Cytosine-cytosine-adenosine-adenosine-thymidine-enhancer-binding protein alpha

Caco-2:

Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line

CCl4:

Carbon tetrachloride

CCRF-CEM:

Human acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DPI:

Days post-injury

DPPH+:

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

ED50:

Median effective dose

EO:

Essential oil

ESR:

Electron paramagnetic resonance

EtOAc:

Ethyl acetate

FRAP:

Ferric reducing/antioxidant power

GSH:

Glutathione

HeLa:

Human cervical adenocarcinoma cell line

HepG2:

Human liver cancer cell line

HL-60:

Human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line

Hoechst33258:

Pentahydrate (bis-benzimide) – 10 mg/mL solution in water

IC50:

Half maximal inhibitory concentration

IFN-α:

Interferon-alpha

IFN-γ:

Interferon-gamma

IgM:

Immunoglobulin M

IL-6:

Interleukin 6

Jurkat E6-1 :

Human acute T-cell leukemia cell line

K-562 :

Human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line

L02:

Human normal liver cells

LC-MS:

Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

LPLAFT:

Lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid by ferric thiocyanate

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

LYSO:

Lysozyme

MBC:

Minimum bactericidal concentration

MCF 10A:

Human normal breast epithelial cell line

MCF-7:

Human breast cancer cell line

MDA-MB-231:

Human mammary gland/breast adenocarcinoma cell line

MIC:

Minimum inhibitory concentration

MTT:

3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide

NO:

Nitric oxide

PHA/PMA :

Phytohemagglutinin/phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate

PPARγ:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

RAW264.7:

Abelson murine leukemia virus-transformed macrophage

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SC50:

Half maximal scavenge capacity

SKW-3:

Human T-cell leukemia cell line

SMMC 7721:

Human liver cancer cell line

SREBP-1c:

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

TPA:

12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

UPLC/Q-TOF-MS :

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Paraskev T. Nedialkov & Zlatina Kokanova-Nedialkova

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  1. Paraskev T. Nedialkov
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  2. Zlatina Kokanova-Nedialkova
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Correspondence to Paraskev T. Nedialkov .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India

    Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy

  2. Dept of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheonju, Korea (Republic of)

    Kee Yoeup Paek

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Nedialkov, P.T., Kokanova-Nedialkova, Z. (2021). Bioactive Compounds of Goosefoot (Genus Chenopodium). In: Murthy, H.N., Paek, K.Y. (eds) Bioactive Compounds in Underutilized Vegetables and Legumes. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44578-2_7-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44578-2_7-1

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