Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Surface composition of ternary cu-ag-au alloys: part i. experimental results

  • Published:
Metallurgical Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The enthalpies and entropies of segregation for silver and gold, along with equilibrium surface composition measurements on three Cu-Ag-Au ternary specimens, are reported and discussed. The experimentally studied compositions were Cu-0.3 at. pct Ag-2.1 at. pct Au, Cu-0.55 at. pct Ag-6.5 at. pct Au, and Cu-1.09 at. pct Ag-6.9 at. pct Au. The experimental enthalpies of segregation, entropies of segregation, and surface compositions are compared with those of binary alloys having nearly identical bulk solute contents in order to isolate ternary effects on surface segregation. The results indicate that the equilibrium surface composition of the ternary alloys is dominated by site competition with respect to the more weakly segregating species (gold). The surface composition of the more strongly surface-active species (silver) is largely unaffected by ternary bulk gold additions of up to 7 at. pct.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J.W. Gibbs:The Scientific Papers of J. Willard Gibbs, Dover, New York, NY, 1961, vol. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  2. G. Rowlands and D.P. Woodruff:Phil. Mag. A, 1979, vol. 40, p. 459.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. M. Militzer and J. Wieting:Acta Metall., 1986, vol. 34, p. 1229.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Y.-X. Zhou, S.-C. Fu, and C.J. McMahon, Jr.:Metall. Trans. A, 1981, vol. 12A, p. 959.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Y.-Q. Weng and C.J. McMahon, Jr.:Scripta Metall., 1986, vol. 20, p. 19.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. H.J. Grabke and C.L. Briant:Scripta Metall., 1988, vol. 22, p. 1169.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Bernadini and P. Gas:Scripta Metall., 1988, vol. 22, p. 1165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. K.S. Shin and B.H. Tsao:Scripta Metall., 1988, vol. 22, p. 585.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Michel Guttmann:Metall. Trrans. A, 1977, vol. 8A, pp. 1383–1401.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. M. Guttmann and D. McLean:Interfacial Segregation, W. C. Johnson and J.M. Blakely, eds., ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1979, p. 261.

    Google Scholar 

  11. M.A. Hoffmann and P. Wynblatt:Metall. Trans. A, 1989, vol. 20A, pp. 215–23.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. M.A. Hoffmann, S.W. Bronner, and P. Wynblatt:J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 1988, vol. 6, pp. 2253.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. M.A. Hoffmann and P. Wynblatt:J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 1991, vol. 9, p. 27.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M.S. Daw and M.I. Baskes:Phys. Rev. Lett., 1983, vol. 50, p. 1285.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. M.S. Daw and M.I. Baskes:Phys. Rev. B, 1984, vol. 29, p. 6443.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. C. Lea and M.P. Seah:Phil. Mag., 1977, vol. 35, p. 213.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. M.P. Seah:Practical Surface Analysis, M.P. Seah and D. Briggs, eds., John Wiley, New York, NY, 1983, p. 181.

    Google Scholar 

  18. M.A. Hoffmann and P. Wynblatt:Surf. Sci., 1990, vol. 236, p. 369.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. A. Prince:Int. Mater. Rev., 1988, vol. 33, p. 314.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. D.A. Steigerwald and P. Wynblatt:Surf. Sci., 1988, vol. 193, p. 287.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. M.A. Hoffmann and P. Wynblatt:Metall. Trans. A, 1991, vol. 22A, pp. 1841–48.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Carnegie Mellon University, 15213, Pittsburgh, PA

    M. A. Hoffmann (Graduate Student) & P. Wynblatt (Professor)

Authors
  1. M. A. Hoffmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. P. Wynblatt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hoffmann, M.A., Wynblatt, P. Surface composition of ternary cu-ag-au alloys: part i. experimental results. Metall Trans A 22, 1833–1840 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646507

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646507

Keywords

Search

Navigation