Abstract
Specialty fibers play an important role both in scientific research and industrial applications. The past decades have also witnessed a significant benefit from specialty fibers. Behind these successes is a constant understanding of the performance of these fibers. In this chapter, characteristics of specialty fibers and their measurement technologies are discussed in detail, including dispersion characterization, polarization characterization, and other special characterization techniques.
References
P.M. Becker, A.A. Olsson, J.R. Simpson, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers: Fundamentals and Technology (Academic Press, San Diego, 1999)
R.D. Birch, D.N. Payne, M.P. Varnham, Fabrication of polarisation-maintaining fibres using gas-phase etching. Electron. Lett. 18(24), 1036–1038 (1982)
I.A. Bufetov, E.M. Dianov, Bi-doped fiber lasers. Laser Phys. Lett. 6(7), 487 (2009)
J.C. Chen, Y.S. Lin, C.N. Tsai, et al., 400-nm-bandwidth emission from a Cr-doped glass fiber. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 19(8), 595–597 (2007)
B. Christensen, J. Mark, G. Jacobsen, et al., Simple dispersion measurement technique with high resolution. Electron. Lett. 29(1), 132 (2002)
Y. Chu, J. Ren, J. Zhang, et al., Ce3+/Yb3+/Er3+ triply doped bismuth borosilicate glass: a potential fiber material for broadband near-infrared fiber amplifiers. Sci. Rep. 6, 33865 (2016)
L.G. Cohen, Comparison of single-mode fiber dispersion measurement techniques. J. Lightwave Technol. 3(5), 958–966 (1985)
B. Costa, M. Puleo, E. Vezzoni, Phase-shift technique for the measurement of chromatic dispersion in single-mode optical fibres using LEDs. Electron. Lett. 19(25), 1074–1076 (2007)
G. Della Valle, A. Festa, G. Sorbello, et al., Single-mode and high power waveguide lasers fabricated by ion-exchange. Opt. Express 16(16), 12334–12341 (2008)
E. Desurvire, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers: Principles and Applications (Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, 2002)
F. Devaux, Y. Sorel, J.F. Kerdiles, Simple measurement of fiber dispersion and of chirp parameter of intensity modulated light emitter. J. Lightwave Technol. 11(12), 1937–1940 (1993)
V.V. Dvoyrin, V.M. Mashinsky, L.I. Bulatov, et al., Bismuth-doped-glass optical fibers – a new active medium for lasers and amplifiers. Opt. Lett. 31(20), 2966–2968 (2006)
V.V. Dvoyrin, O.I. Medvedkov, V.M. Mashinsky, et al., Optical amplification in 1430–1495 nm range and laser action in Bi-doped fibers. Opt. Express 16(21), 16971–16976 (2008)
W. Eickhoff, E. Brinkmeyer, Scattering loss vs polarization holding ability of single-mode fibers. Appl. Opt. 23(8), 1131–1132 (1984)
N. Gisin, J.P.V.D. Weid, J. Pellaux, Polarization mode dispersion of short and long single-mode fibers. J. Lightwave Technol. 9(7), 821–827 (1991)
Y. Chu, J. Hao, J. Zhang et al., Temperature properties and potential temperature sensor based on the Bismuth/Erbium co-doped optical fibers[C]//Optical Fiber Sensors Conference (OFS), 2017 25th. IEEE, 1–4 (2017)
B.L. Heffner, Automated measurement of polarization mode dispersion using Jones matrix eigenanalysis. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 4(9), 1066–1069 (1992)
B.L. Heffner, Accurate, automated measurement of differential group delay dispersion and principal state variation using Jones matrix eigenanalysis. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 5(7), 814–817 (1993)
C. Hentschel, S. Schmidt, PDL Measurements Using the Agilent 8169A Polarization Controller, Product Note, Agilent Technologies.
P. Hernday, in Fiber-Optic Test and Measurement, ed. by D. Derickson. Dispersion measurement (Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 1998)
T. Hosaka, Y. Sasaki, J. Noda, et al., Low-loss and low-crosstalk polarisation-maintaining optical fibres. Electron. Lett. 21(20), 920–921 (1985)
Z. Hu, W. Qiu, X. Cheng, et al., Optical amplification of Eu (TTA) 3 Phensolution-filled hollow optical fiber. Opt. Lett. 36(10), 1902–1904 (2011)
X. Huang, Z. Fang, Z. Peng, et al., Formation, element-migration and broadband luminescence in quantum dot-doped glass fibers. Opt. Express 25(17), 19691–19700 (2017)
R. Hui, M. O’Sullivan, in Fiber Optic Measurement Techniques. Optical fiber measurement (Elsevier/Academic Press, Amsterdam/London, 2009), p. 365–479
S.T. Huntington, P. Mulvaney, A. Roberts, et al., Atomic force microscopy for the determination of refractive index profiles of optical fibers and waveguides: a quantitative study. J. Appl. Phys. 82(6), 2730–2734 (1997)
S.D. Jackson, 2.7-W Ho3+-doped silica fibre laser pumped at 1100 nm and operating at 2.1 μm. Appl. Phys. B 76(7), 793–795 (2003)
S. Jarabo, J.M. Álvarez, Experimental cross sections of erbium-doped silica fibers pumped at 1480 nm. Appl. Opt. 37(12), 2288–2295 (1998)
I. Kaminow, Polarization in optical fibers. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 17(1), 15–22 (1981)
I.P. Kaminow, V. Ramaswamy, Single-polarization optical fibers: slab model. Appl. Phys. Lett. 34(4), 268–270 (1979)
T. Kasamatsu, Y. Yano, H. Sekita, 1.50-μm-band gain-shifted thulium-doped fiber amplifier with 1.05-and 1.56-μm dual-wavelength pumping. Opt. Lett. 24(23), 1684–1686 (1999)
A.S. Kurkov, E.M. Sholokhov, O.I. Medvedkov, et al., Holmium fiber laser based on the heavily doped active fiber. Laser Phys. Lett. 6(9), 661 (2009)
H. Liang, Q. Zhang, Z. Zheng, et al., Optical amplification of Eu (DBM) 3 Phen-doped polymer optical fiber. Opt. Lett. 29(5), 477–479 (2004)
P.F. Moulton, G.A. Rines, E.V. Slobodtchikov, et al., Tm-doped fiber lasers: fundamentals and power scaling. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron 15(1), 85–92 (2009)
E.G. Neumann, Single-Mode Fibers Fundamentals, vol 57(4) (Springer, Tokyo, 1988), pp. 201–203
Y. Nishida, M. Yamada, T. Kanamori, et al., Development of an efficient praseodymium-doped fiber amplifier. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34(8), 1332–1339 (1998)
J. Noda, K. Okamoto, Y. Sasaki, Polarization-maintaining fibers and their applications. J. Lightwave Technol. 4(8), 1071–1089 (1986)
Y. Ohishi, E. Snitzer, G.H. Sigel, et al., Pr3+-doped fluoride fiber amplifier operating at 1.31 μm. Opt. Lett. 16(22), 1747–1749 (1991)
R. Paschotta, J. Nilsson, A.C. Tropper, et al., Ytterbium-doped fiber amplifiers. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 33(7), 1049–1056 (1997)
D.N. Payne, A. Barlow, J.J. Ramskov Hansen, Development of low- and high-birefringence optical fibers. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18(4), 477–488 (1982)
G.D. Peng, Y. Luo, J. Zhang, et al., Recent development of new active optical fibres for broadband photonic applications. Photonics (ICP), 2013 IEEE 4th International Conference on. IEEE, 2013, pp. 5–9.
C.D. Poole, D.L. Favin, Polarization-mode dispersion measurements based on transmission spectra through a polarizer. J. Lightwave Technol. 12(6), 917–929 (1994)
C.D. Poole, C.R. Giles, Polarization-dependent pulse compression and broadening due to polarization dispersion in dispersion-shifted fiber. Opt. Lett. 13(2), 155–157 (1988)
C.D. Poole, J. Nagel, Polarization effects in lightwave systems. Opt. Fiber Telecommun. IIIA, 114–161 (1997)
R.S. Quimby, W.J. Miniscalco, B. Thompson, Clustering in erbium-doped silica glass fibers analyzed using 980 nm excited-state absorption. J. Appl. Physiol. 76(8), 4472–4478 (1994)
C. Saekeang, P.L. Chu, T.W. Whitbread, Nondestructive measurement of refractive-index profile and cross-sectional geometry of optical fiber preforms. Appl. Opt. 19(12), 2025–2030 (1980)
R.H. Stolen, R.P. De Paula, Single-mode fiber components. Proc. IEEE 75(11), 1498–1511 (1987)
R.H. Stolen, W. Pleibel, J.R. Simpson, High-birefringence optical fibers by preform deformation. J. Lightwave Technol. 2(5), 639–641 (1984)
L. Tan, S. Kang, Z. Pan, et al., Topo-chemical tailoring of tellurium quantum dot precipitation from supercooled polyphosphates for broadband optical amplification. Advanced Optical Materials 4(10), 1624–1634 (2016)
A. Tünnermann, T. Schreiber, J. Limpert, Fiber lasers and amplifiers: an ultrafast performance evolution. Appl. Opt. 49(25), F71–F78 (2010)
H.H. Wahba, T. Kreis, Characterization of graded index optical fibers by digital holographic interferometry. Appl. Opt. 48(8), 1573–1582 (2009)
J.P. Weid, L. Thevenaz, J.P. Pellaux, Interferometric measurements of chromatic and polarisation mode dispersion in highly birefringent single-mode fibres. Electron. Lett. 23(4), 151–152 (1987)
K.I. White, Practical application of the refracted near-field technique for the measurement of optical fibre refractive index profiles. Opt. Quant. Electron. 11(2), 185–196 (1979)
E. Yahel, A. Hardy, Modeling high-power Er3+-Yb3+ codoped fiber lasers. J. Lightwave Technol. 21(9), 2044 (2003)
S.M. Yeh, S.L. Huang, Y.J. Chiu, et al., Broadband chromium-doped fiber amplifiers for next-generation optical communication systems. J. Lightwave Technol. 30(6), 921–927 (2012)
S. Yliniemi, J. Albert, Q. Wang, et al., UV-exposed Bragg gratings for laser applications in silver-sodium ion-exchanged phosphate glass waveguides. Opt. Express 14(7), 2898–2903 (2006)
J. Zhang, Y. Luo, Z.M. Sathi, et al., Test of spectral emission and absorption characteristics of active optical fibers by direct side pumping. Opt. Express 20(18), 20623–20628 (2012)
J. Zhang, Z.M. Sathi, Y. Luo, et al., Toward an ultra-broadband emission source based on the bismuth and erbium co-doped optical fiber and a single 830 nm laser diode pump. Opt. Express 21(6), 7786–7792 (2013)
A.S. Zlenko, V.V. Dvoyrin, V.M. Mashinsky, et al., Furnace chemical vapor deposition bismuth-doped silica-core holey fiber. Opt. Lett. 36(13), 2599–2601 (2011)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this entry
Cite this entry
Chai, Q., Chu, Y., Zhang, J. (2018). Characterization of Specialty Fibers. In: Peng, GD. (eds) Handbook of Optical Fibers. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1477-2_59-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1477-2_59-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-1477-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-1477-2
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics
Publish with us
Chapter history
-
Latest
Characterization of Specialty Fibers- Published:
- 23 May 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1477-2_59-2
-
Original
Characterization of Specialty Fibers- Published:
- 13 August 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1477-2_59-1