Definitions
Continuum mechanics (CM) approach provides the constitutive and evolution equations in the framework of thermodynamics of irreversible processes. Within this approach a specific portion of the physical universe (a specific quantity of matter) is considered, which is called a thermodynamic system, and no exchange of matter through the boundary of the system is assumed. The energy exchange between the system and its exterior is an exchange of heat and work done by volume forces or surface forces acting upon the system. In order to fully define the thermodynamic state of a system that is subjected to energy dissipation, a set of internal variables is introduced (in addition to strains and temperature), which describe the rearrangements of the internal structure, accompanied by dissipation. The choice of those so-called internal state variables depends on which phenomenon is accounted for in the...
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This work was supported by the National Science Centre through the Grant No. 2017/25/B/ST8/02256.
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Halina, E., Władysław, E. (2019). Effective Variables and Damage Effect Functions. In: Altenbach, H., Öchsner, A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Continuum Mechanics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53605-6_228-1
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