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Diseases of Daffodil (Narcissus)

  • Reference work entry
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Handbook of Florists' Crops Diseases

Part of the book series: Handbook of Plant Disease Management ((HPDM))

Abstract

Daffodils (Narcissus) are popular spring flowerbulbs in Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand, and tazetta narcissi are widely grown in China, Israel, and Japan. Large volumes of field-grown cut-flowers are traded, along with forced flowers and pot-grown plants from greenhouses, as well as the bulbs themselves. Basal rot (due to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. narcissi) causes substantial losses, while the stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) is capable of devastating crops and is an ever-present concern; both are controlled by a hot-water treatment incorporating biocide and/or fungicide, but husbandry and cultural factors also play a major role. Biological control is in its infancy, but some progress is being made against basal rot using soil applications of composts that increase the population of beneficial soil microorganisms. Fungal foliar diseases reduce yields and can affect flower quality – smolder (Botrytis narcissicola), white mold (Ramularia vallisumbrosae), fire (Botrytis (Botryotinia) polyblastis), and leaf scorch (Peyronellaea (Stagonospora) curtisii) – and are controlled by a fungicide spray program. Bulb rots are also caused by species of Penicillium and Rhizopus. Instances of bacterial disease are rare, but Pectobacterium (Erwinia) carotovorum subsp. carotovorum attacks bulbs of tazetta narcissi. Daffodils are widely infested with multiple aphid-borne potyviruses, in particular Narcissus Late Season Yellows Virus, Narcissus Yellow Stripe Virus, and (in tazetta narcissi) Narcissus Degeneration Virus, reducing bulb and flower yields and flower quality. Control of viruses is largely limited to crop inspection and the removal of affected plants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Warwick Crop Centre, Wellesbourne Campus, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwickshire, CV35 9EF, UK

    Gordon R. Hanks

  2. Department of Plant Pathology, Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WA, 98371, USA

    Gary A. Chastagner

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    Robert J. McGovern

  2. Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

    Wade H. Elmer

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Hanks, G.R., Chastagner, G.A. (2018). Diseases of Daffodil (Narcissus). In: McGovern, R., Elmer, W. (eds) Handbook of Florists' Crops Diseases. Handbook of Plant Disease Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39670-5_43

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